ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2024
Four-year review of safe and effective procedural sedation in neonates and young infants.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Chinese Society of Pediatric Anesthesiology Guideline for Pediatric Sedation (2025).Paediatric anaesthesia · 2026Guideline
- Midazolam oral solution for neonatal MRI: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Pediatric Bronchoscopy for the Adult Interventional Pulmonologist.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Newborns and small infants are unable to cooperate actively during diagnostic procedures; therefore, sedation is often employee to maintain immobilization and obtain high-quality images. However, these procedures are often indicated in sick, vulnerable, or hemodynamically unstable neonates and young infants, which raises the associated risks of sedation. This study summarizes our 4-year of experience with safe and effective procedural sedation in this vulnerable population. Study design: This retrospective study analyzed data on neonates and young infants who underwent non-painful diagnostic procedures from December 2019 to November 2023. Patients were categorized into the neonate (aged≦ 28 days) and the young infant (29 days ≦ aged ≦ 90 days) groups. Results: Non-pharmacological strategies, including sleeping naturally, swaddling/facilitated tucking, non-nutritive sucking, and skin-to-skin care, can achieve a success rate for sedation about 98.4%. In terms of pharmacological methods, our institution primarily utilizes chloral hydrate for procedural sedation in neonates and young infants undergoing non-painful diagnostic procedures. Midazolam serves as an alternative sedative. Chloral hydrate alone demonstrated a 92.5% success rate on the first attempt, compared to midazolam alone, with an 85.11% success rate. Neonates experienced a higher incidence of adverse events during sedation compared to young infants. Conclusion: This study reviews our 4-year experience with procedural sedation in neonates and young infants. Chloral hydrate demonstrated a high degree of safety and efficacy in this population. However, supervision by skilled medical personnel and extended observation is required. In our institution, the experience with midazolam is limited in this population, and further research is warranted to establish its safety and efficacy. Non-pharmacological strategies can achieve an acceptable rate of sedation success, which can be used based on patient's tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.