Evidence mapPaperPMID 39136181Full record

ArticleJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2025

Tobacco cigarette smoking induces cerebrovascular dysfunction followed by oxidative neuronal injury with the onset of cognitive impairment.

Mohamed G Ewees, Mohamed A El-Mahdy, Yousef Hannawi, Jay L Zweier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mohamed G EweesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Mohamed A El-MahdyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Yousef HannawiDivision of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8614-3974
Jay L ZweierDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9414-9150

Funding

Role of Cytoglobin in the Regulation of Vascular ToneR01HL131941 · NHLBI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2024 to 2025
$1.5M
OHIO STATE NEUROSCIENCE CENTER COREP30NS045758 · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2004 to 2005
$1.4M
Electronic cigarette derived free radicals, oxidative stress and inflammation in lung cancer developmentR01CA270608 · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$565k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA270608NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL131941NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL135648NINDS NIH HHS P30 NS045758
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While chronic smoking triggers cardiovascular disease, controversy remains regarding its effects on the brain and cognition. We investigated the effects of long-term cigarette smoke (CS) exposure (CSE) on cerebrovascular function, neuronal injury, and cognition in a novel mouse exposure model. Longitudinal studies were performed in CS or air-exposed mice, 2 hours/day, for up to 60 weeks. Hypertension and carotid vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) occurred by 16 weeks of CSE, followed by reduced carotid artery blood flow, with oxidative stress detected in the carotid artery, and subsequently in the brain of CS-exposed mice with generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secondary protein and DNA oxidation, microglial activation and astrocytosis. Brain small vessels exhibited decreased levels of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), enlarged perivascular spaces with blood brain barrier (BBB) leak and decreased levels of tight-junction proteins. In the brain, amyloid-β deposition and phosphorylated-tau were detected with increases out to 60 weeks, at which time mice exhibited impaired spatial learning and memory. Thus, long-term CSE initiates a cascade of ROS generation and oxidative damage, eNOS dysfunction with cerebral hypoperfusion, as well as cerebrovascular and BBB damage with intracerebral inflammation, and neuronal degeneration, followed by the onset of impaired cognition and memory.

Indexed as

Cerebrovascular DisordersCigarette SmokingCognitive DysfunctionNeuronsOxidative StressAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierBrainCerebrovascular CirculationMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIReactive Oxygen SpeciesNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIReactive Oxygen SpeciesCerebrovascular diseasefree radicalsinflammationnitric oxideoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID39136181
PMCPMC11572251

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.