ArticleLupus2024
Treatment patterns in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in New Zealand.
Article in Lupus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex and gender differences in rheumatology: clinical impact and future directions.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Temporal trends in glucocorticoids and hydroxychloroquine for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus in Sweden.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Sex- and gender-related differences in systemic lupus erythematosus: a scoping review.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to explore the treatment pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Aotearoa/New Zealand.
methodsSLE patients were linked to the pharmaceutical dispensing data. The use of publicly funded anti-malarials, immunomodulators, biologics, glucocorticoids and bisphosphonates were compared by gender, ethnicity, age group, socioeconomic status and year of SLE identification. Adherence to hydroxychloroquine was examined using the medication possession ratio (MPR), with a MPR of ≥0.8 considered as high adherence.
resultsOf the 2631 SLE patients, 73.8% used hydroxychloroquine, 64.1% used immunomodulators/biologics and 68.0% used 5 mg or more prednisone daily for at least 90 days. Women were more likely to use hydroxychloroquine than men. Asian patients had a different treatment pattern than other ethnic groups, and Māori were less likely to use hydroxychloroquine. The proportions of patients using different treatments decreased with age. Of the patients using hydroxychloroquine, 54.5% had high adherence. For patients over 40 years old and on long term prednisone, 47.3% had bisphosphonates and this figure was 17.8% for patients under the age of 40 years old. Patients with better socioeconomic status had a higher probability of using bisphosphonates than patients with lower socioeconomic status.
conclusionsAdherence to hydroxychloroquine in these patients varied and was lower in men and in Māori. Prednisone is commonly prescribed and used long term. Half of those over the age of 40 years old co-administered bisphosphonate. Further research is needed to identify the reasons for these discrepancies on SLE treatments by gender, ethnicity, age and socioeconomic status.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.