A review of the current treatment methods for retroperitoneal fibrosis with obstructive uropathy.

Introduction and aims: Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a fibroinflammatory disease in which patients may suffer obstructive uropathy (OU). The optimum treatment strategy for RPF with secondary OU is currently unclear, and the aim of this literature review is to assess the methods used to treat this patient cohort. Methods: Medline, Embase, Cinahl, the Cochrane Library and PubMed were systematically searched to find studies assessing treatment outcomes in this patient cohort. After reviewing the studies' titles, abstracts and full texts, 12 were found that matched our search aims. Data from these publications were analysed and reported. Results: The demographic and symptomatic features of patients across the 12 studies were representative of the general RPF population. No randomised control trials (RCTs) were found, and just one study formally compared outcomes between patients who underwent different treatment strategies. Many of the studies concluded that using medical and surgical methods in combination led to positive outcomes; whereas, others found positive outcomes following a variety of regimens. Many studies also highlighted, however, that significant minorities required further treatment after initial therapy. Conclusions regarding optimum treatment methods were limited as most publications did not formally compare outcomes following different strategies and had an observational study design. Conclusion: Although positive outcomes were commonly seen following medical, surgical and a combination of treatments, the literature currently lacks research formally comparing outcomes after assigning specific treatment protocols to groups of RPF patients. More research is therefore required to determine how to best manage RPF leading to secondary OU.