Evidence mapPaperPMID 39158983Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2024

Characteristics of Nocturnal Hypoglycaemic Events and Their Impact on Glycaemia.

Manuel Eichenlaub, Sükrü Öter, Delia Waldenmaier, Bernd Kulzer, Lutz Heinemann, Ralph Ziegler, Oliver Schnell, Timor Glatzer, Guido Freckmann

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. The Promise of Hypoglycemia Risk Prediction.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024
    Article
  3. Predicting Glucose Values: A New Era for Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024
    Article
  4. Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in the Era of Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Manuel EichenlaubInstitut für Diabetes-Technologie, Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH an der Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2150-3160
Sükrü ÖterInstitut für Diabetes-Technologie, Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH an der Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3361-1313
Delia WaldenmaierInstitut für Diabetes-Technologie, Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH an der Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3280-2369
Bernd KulzerResearch Institute Diabetes Academy Mergentheim, Bad Mergentheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9120-4479
Lutz HeinemannScience Consulting in Diabetes GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2493-1304
Ralph ZieglerDiabetes Clinic for Children and Adolescents, Muenster, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2373-3720
Oliver SchnellForschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany.
Timor GlatzerRoche Diabetes Care GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID 0009-0009-5644-2098
Guido FreckmannInstitut für Diabetes-Technologie, Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH an der Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0406-9529

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNocturnal hypoglycaemia is a burden for people with diabetes, particularly when treated with multiple daily injections (MDI) therapy. However, the characteristics of nocturnal hypoglycaemic events in this patient group are only poorly described in the literature.

methodContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data from 185 study participants with type 1 diabetes using MDI therapy were collected under everyday conditions for up to 13 weeks. Hypoglycaemic events were identified as episodes of consecutive CGM readings <70 mg/dl or <54 mg/dl for at least 15 minutes. Subsequently, the time <54 mg/dl (TB54), time below range (TBR), time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), glucose coefficient of variation (CV), and incidence of hypoglycaemic events were calculated for diurnal and nocturnal periods. Furthermore, the effect of nocturnal hypoglycaemic events on glucose levels the following day was assessed.

resultsThe incidence of hypoglycaemic events <70 mg/dl was significantly lower during the night compared to the day, with 0.8 and 3.8 events per week, respectively, while the TBR, TB54, and incidence of events with CGM readings <54 mg/dl was not significantly different. Nocturnal hypoglycaemic events <70 mg/dl were significantly longer (60 vs 35 minutes) and enveloped by less rapidly changing glucose levels. On days following nights containing hypoglycaemic events, there was a decrease in TAR, mean CGM glucose level and morning glucose levels and an increase in TB54, TBR, and CV.

conclusionsThe results showed that nocturnal hypoglycaemic events are a common occurrence in persons with type 1 diabetes using MDI with significant differences between the characteristics of nocturnal and diurnal events.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringCircadian RhythmDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HypoglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsAdultFemaleHumansIncidenceInsulinMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinglycemic variabilityhypoglycaemic event incidencenocturnal hypoglycaemiasomogyi effecttime below range

Identifiers

PMID39158983
PMCPMC11418509

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.