ArticleNature cell biology2024
Retinoic acid induces human gastruloids with posterior embryo-like structures.
Article in Nature cell biology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Retinoic acid in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- hiPSC-derived Organoids and Organ-on-chip Systems: New Frontiers in Neural Tube Defect Research.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Advances in the etiology of congenital scoliosis: from morphology to spatiotemporal molecular mechanisms (2015-2025).EFORT open reviews · 2026Article
- Spaceborne and spaceborn: Physiological aspects of pregnancy and birth during interplanetary flight.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- TiFM2.0 - versatile mechanical measurement and actuation in live embryos.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- New developments and applications of human organoids.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- The notochord: development, disease and stem cell-based modelling.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
- Investigation of embryogenesis in a dish: the development and application of gastruloid models from pluripotent stem cells.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- The proteomic landscape and temporal dynamics of human and mouse gastruloid development.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Activity Plays a Critical Role in Regulating Early Mouse Gastruloid Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A guide to using embedded ethics in human stem-cell-based embryo model research.Nature cell biology · 2026Review
- Progress in stem cell-based embryo models and their applications in developmental biology and biomedicine.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Optogenetic WNT signaling drives germ layer self-organization in a human gastruloid model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Organizers in a dish: Modeling human CNS morphogenesis.Developmental cell · 2026Review
- Human Organoids Reveal PTEN-Driven Mesendoderm Specification via Retinoic Acid Signaling Suppression.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- BMP4 initiates and patterns ventral-caudal structures in zebrafish and human pluripotent stem cell aggregates.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Modelling co-development between the somites and neural tube in human trunk-like structures.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- N2B27 media formulations influence gastruloid development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Dual-patterned pluripotent stem cells self-organize into a human embryo model with extended anterior-posterior patterning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Gastruloids are a powerful in vitro model of early human development. However, although elongated and composed of all three germ layers, human gastruloids do not morphologically resemble post-implantation human embryos. Here we show that an early pulse of retinoic acid (RA), together with later Matrigel, robustly induces human gastruloids with posterior embryo-like morphological structures, including a neural tube flanked by segmented somites and diverse cell types, including neural crest, neural progenitors, renal progenitors and myocytes. Through in silico staging based on single-cell RNA sequencing, we find that human RA-gastruloids progress further than other human or mouse embryo models, aligning to E9.5 mouse and CS11 cynomolgus monkey embryos. We leverage chemical and genetic perturbations of RA-gastruloids to confirm that WNT and BMP signalling regulate somite formation and neural tube length in the human context, while transcription factors TBX6 and PAX3 underpin presomitic mesoderm and neural crest, respectively. Looking forward, RA-gastruloids are a robust, scalable model for decoding early human embryogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.