Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39179577›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Cooperative insulation of regulatory domains by CTCF-dependent physical insulation and promoter competition.

Thais Ealo, Victor Sanchez-Gaya, Patricia Respuela, María Muñoz-San Martín, Elva Martin-Batista, Endika Haro, Alvaro Rada-Iglesias

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Exhausted CD8Nature immunology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Genome-wide absolute quantification of chromatin looping.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Insulation between adjacent TADs is controlled by the width of their boundaries through distinct mechanisms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Thais Ealo *Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
Victor Sanchez-Gaya *Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. victor.sanchezgaya@unican.es.ORCID 0000-0003-0340-5225
Patricia RespuelaInstitute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
María Muñoz-San MartínInstitute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7249-5343
Elva Martin-BatistaCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
Endika HaroInstitute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. endika.haro@unican.es.ORCID 0000-0002-0229-6365
Alvaro Rada-IglesiasInstitute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. alvaro.rada@unican.es.ORCID 0000-0001-7137-1341

Funding

EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 862022EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (H2020 Excellent Science - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions) H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019-860002EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (H2020 Excellent Science - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions) MSCA-2021-DN-01-101073334Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación) PID2021-123030NB-I00Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación) RED2022-134100-T
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The specificity of gene expression during development requires the insulation of regulatory domains to avoid inappropriate enhancer-gene interactions. In vertebrates, this insulator function is mostly attributed to clusters of CTCF sites located at topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries. However, TAD boundaries allow some physical crosstalk across regulatory domains, which is at odds with the specific and precise expression of developmental genes. Here we show that developmental genes and nearby clusters of CTCF sites cooperatively foster the robust insulation of regulatory domains. By genetically dissecting a couple of representative loci in mouse embryonic stem cells, we show that CTCF sites prevent undesirable enhancer-gene contacts (i.e. physical insulation), while developmental genes preferentially contribute to regulatory insulation through non-structural mechanisms involving promoter competition rather than enhancer blocking. Overall, our work provides important insights into the insulation of regulatory domains, which in turn might help interpreting the pathological consequences of certain structural variants.

Indexed as

CCCTC-Binding FactorEnhancer Elements, GeneticMouse Embryonic Stem CellsPromoter Regions, GeneticAnimalsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalInsulator ElementsMiceCCCTC-Binding FactorCtcf protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID39179577
PMCPMC11344162

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.