Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39186178›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2025

Myocarditis incidence and hospital mortality from 2007 to 2022: insights from a nationwide registry.

Felix A Rottmann, Christian Glück, Klaus Kaier, Xavier Bemtgen, Alexander Supady, Constantin von Zur Mühlen, Dirk Westermann, Tobias Wengenmayer, Dawid L Staudacher

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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Observational
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Felix A RottmannDepartment of Medicine IV Nephrology and Primary Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-6521
Christian GlückInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Klaus KaierInstitute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Xavier BemtgenDepartment of Cardiology, Pneumology, Angiology and Intensive Care, Ortenau Clinical Center Offenburg-Kehl, Offenburg, Germany.
Alexander SupadyInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4056-3652
Constantin von Zur MühlenDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Dirk WestermannDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Tobias WengenmayerInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Dawid L StaudacherInterdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. dawid.staudacher@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9682

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate the burden of disease of myocarditis in Germany and identify similarities and differences in myocarditis with or without COVID-19.

methodsAll patients hospitalized with myocarditis in Germany were included in this nationwide retrospective analysis. Data were retrieved from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (DESTATIS) for the years from 2007 to 2022. The primary endpoint was hospital mortality.

resultsA total of 88,159 patients hospitalized with myocarditis were analyzed. Annual cases increased from 5100 in 2007 to 6593 in 2022 (p < 0.001 for trend) with higher incidence during winter months. Incidence per 100,000 inhabitants was 6.2 in 2007 rising to 7.8 in 2022 (p < 0.001 for trend). Hospital mortality remained constant at an average of 2.44% (p = 0.164 for trend). From 2020 to 2022, 1547/16,229 (9.53%) patients were hospitalized with both, myocarditis and COVID-19 (incidence 0.62/100,000 inhabitants and 180/100,000 hospitalizations with COVID-19). These patients differed significantly in most patient characteristics and had a higher rate of hospital mortality compared to myocarditis without COVID-19 (12.54% vs. 2.26%, respectively, p < 0.001).

conclusionsMyocarditis hospitalizations were slowly rising over the past 16 years with hospital mortality remaining unchanged. Incidence of hospitalizations with combined myocarditis and COVID-19 was low, but hospital mortality was high.

Indexed as

COVID-19Hospital MortalityMyocarditisAdultAgedFemaleGermanyHospitalizationHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Young AdultCOVID-19HospitalizationMyocarditisNational registrySurvival

Identifiers

PMID39186178
PMCPMC12408657

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.