Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39188505›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in toxicology2024

The safety of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.

Amy Cunningham, Martin Kirk, Emily Hong, Jing Yang, Tamara Howard, Adrian Brearley, Angelica Sáenz-Trevizo, Jacob Krawchuck, John Watt, Ian Henderson and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in toxicology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents and the Theater of Safety.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026
    Article
  2. Response to Dr. Do.Magnetic resonance imaging · 2026
    Article
  3. Cerebral Accumulation of Gadolinium (GdTomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Gadolinium Intermediate Elimination and Persistent Symptoms After Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent Exposure.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Amy CunninghamSchool of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Martin KirkDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Emily HongSchool of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Jing YangDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Tamara HowardCell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Adrian BrearleyDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Angelica Sáenz-TrevizoDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Jacob KrawchuckSandia National Laboratory, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
John WattLos Alamos National Laboratory, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Ian HendersonOmphalos Bioscience, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Karol DokladnyKidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Joshua DeAgueroKidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
G Patricia EscobarKidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Brent WagnerKidney Institute of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Kidney Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.

Funding

WOMEN'S CANCERS RESEARCH PROGRAMP30CA118100 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI Yolanda Sanchez · 2005 to 2026
$57.1M
UNM HSC Clinical and Translational Science CenterUL1TR001449 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI CAMPEN, MATTHEW J, PANDHI, NANCY · 2015 to 2024
$36.9M
Unfolded Protein Response and Autophagy in T Helper Cell Effector FunctionP20GM121176 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI June Bryan de la Pena · 2017 to 2026
$24.9M
Chemokine Receptors in MRI Contrast-Induced Organ FibrosisR01DK102085 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI WAGNER, BRENT · 2014 to 2017
$1.2M
Fibrocyte Contribution to Systemic Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney DiseaseI01BX001958 · VA · SOUTH TEXAS VETERANS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM · PI WAGNER, BRENT · 2014 to 2017
–
BLRD VA I01 BX001958NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001449NCI NIH HHS P30 CA118100NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK102085NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM121176
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gadolinium-based contrast agents are increasingly used in clinical practice. While these pharmaceuticals are verified causal agents in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, there is a growing body of literature supporting their role as causal agents in symptoms associated with gadolinium exposure after intravenous use and encephalopathy following intrathecal administration. Gadolinium-based contrast agents are multidentate organic ligands that strongly bind the metal ion to reduce the toxicity of the metal. The notion that cationic gadolinium dissociates from these chelates and causes the disease is prevalent among patients and providers. We hypothesize that non-ligand-bound (soluble) gadolinium will be exceedingly low in patients. Soluble, ionic gadolinium is not likely to be the initial step in mediating any disease. The Kidney Institute of New Mexico was the first to identify gadolinium-rich nanoparticles in skin and kidney tissues from magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents in rodents. In 2023, they found similar nanoparticles in the kidney cells of humans with normal renal function, likely from contrast agents. We suspect these nanoparticles are the mediators of chronic toxicity from magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. This article explores associations between gadolinium contrast and adverse health outcomes supported by clinical reports and rodent models.

Indexed as

electron microscopygadodiamidegadoliniummagnetic resonance imaging contrastmetalsmitochondriopathyrenal tubular epitheliumX-ray spectra

Identifiers

PMID39188505
PMCPMC11345262

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.