ArticlePloS one2024
Susceptibility status and synergistic activity of DDT and Lambda-cyhalothrin on Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti in Delta State, Nigeria.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of insecticide resistance status and mechanisms in the arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti from Nigeria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- The major and minorGigaByte (Hong Kong, China) · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The detection of insecticide resistance in male mosquitoes has been treated with less importance in monitoring insecticide resistance spread in mosquitoes. There are no studies on the susceptibility and synergistic activity of DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin on male Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti in Delta State, Nigeria. Even though studies have extensively reported resistance in female mosquitoes, the susceptibility of male mosquitoes to insecticide classes should be ascertained. In this study, we tested the susceptibility status and synergistic activity of DDT and Lambda-cyhalothrin on An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti in Delta State, Nigeria, in order to ascertain the level of resistance and knockdown. In addition, we modelled the knockdown time using Probit analysis model. WHO bioassay method was used to expose two days old adult mosquitoes to 4% DDT and 0.05% lambda-cyhalothrin. The results showed that An. gambiae mosquitoes exposed to DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin were confirmed resistant (61% and 53% respectively). However, pre-exposing the resistant mosquito population to piperonyl butoxide (4%) showed an increase in mortality to 90% (possible resistance) in DDT and 98% (susceptible) in lambda-cyhalothrin. Ae. aegypti mosquitoes exposed to DDT were susceptible (98%) while those exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin were confirmed resistant (87%) and this increased to complete mortality (100%) in PBO+lambda-cyhalothrin population. Furthermore, the results showed that the knockdown time (KDT50 and KDT95) in An. gambiae exposed to DDT was 39.5-71.2 minutes and 124.5-146.4 minutes respectively, while that of lambda-cyhalothrin was 33.0-81.8 minutes and 64.0-124.4 minutes respectively. In Ae. aegypti, KDT50 and KDT95 was 23.9 and 61.7minutes for DDT exposure whereas it was 5.6-15.3 minutes and 36.1-72.3 minutes for lambda-cyhalothrin exposure. It can be concluded that male An. gambiae mosquitoes exposed to the insecticides were resistant and the causes may be linked to certain resistant genes in the mosquitoes. The chances of transferring resistance are possible in wild species and molecular-based studies on the resistant gene in male mosquitoes as well as the tendencies of transfer are required to establish this focus.
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