ReviewJournal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research2024
An improved understanding of pediatric chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis pathophysiology informs current and future treatment.
Review in Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- How Organ Manifestations Beyond the Bone May Guide Risk Stratification and Treatment Decisions in Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of paediatric chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis: a retrospective cohort study with focus on zoledronic acid.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis in Latvia from 2014 to 2025: Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Image-Based Assessment of Anti-TNF Treatment Outcomes in Pediatric CRMO/CNO: A Single-Center Case Series.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A novelLife science alliance · 2026Article
- Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis presenting as fever of unknown origin in a child: a diagnostic pitfall.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Propolis Flavonoids Ameliorate Chronic Osteomyelitis in a Rat Model by Modulating TAZ-Regulated Treg/Th17 Balance.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Targeting pyroptosis to treat aortic aneurysms: From mechanism to drug discovery (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Reply.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Microbiome-Targeted Probiotic Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteomyelitis: A Novel Biological Approach.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- [Inflammatory dermatosis in adult chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (adult CNO) from a dermatological perspective].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Article
- Context-dependent roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in osteomyelitis and strategies for precision modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biomarkers in Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis: Bridging Autoinflammation and Classical Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis: a typical case and review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Importance and Potential of Rare Disease Research in Pediatric Rheumatology and Beyond: Pushing Frontiers.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
- [Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, nonbacterial osteomyelitis, SAPHO syndrome in children : What clinicians want to know from the radiologist?]Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory bone disease that primarily affects children and young people. It can cause significant pain, reduced function, bone swelling, and even (vertebral body) fractures. Because of a limited understanding of its pathophysiology, the treatment of CNO remains empiric and is based on relatively small case series, expert opinion, and personal experience. Several studies have linked pathological NOD-kike receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and the resulting imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression with CNO. This agrees with elevated pro-inflammatory (mostly) monocyte-derived protein signatures in the blood of CNO patients that may be used as future diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. Recently, rare variants in the P2RX7 gene, encoding for an ATP-dependent transmembrane channel, were linked with increased NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and prolonged monocyte/macrophage survival in CNO. Although the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear, this will inform future target-directed and individualized treatment. This manuscript reviews most recent developments and their impact on diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in CNO.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.