ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
Hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among adults living with HIV in South Africa: a clinic-based cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of TDF+3TC + EFV‑centric antiretroviral regimens for HIV/HBV co-infection: a systematic review and network meta‑analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiological and clinical profile of viral hepatitis B and C among adult patients attending Hepatitis clinic at Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Vaccine-preventable viral hepatitis in men living with HIV/AIDS - immunity and associated factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Prevalence and determinants of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and liver injury among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in the Upper East Region of Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus co-infection among people living with HIV in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2026Article
- HIV and Hepatitis B co-infection in Tanzania: Analysis of the 2022-2023 Tanzania HIV Impact Survey.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- HIV PrEP programmes as a framework for diagnosing and treating HBV infection in adolescents and young adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- Intermittent preventive treatment, malaria, HIV, hepatitis and pregnancy outcomes in Nigerian women: a cross-sectional study in two healthcare facilities.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Among Survivors of Sexual Violence in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) may have concurrent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, and certain antiretroviral therapies are recommended for HBV-HIV co-infected individuals. Routine screening for Hepatitis B virus may influence management of antiretroviral therapy for PLHIV, but risk factors for co-infection have not been well defined. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for HBV infection among PLHIV in South Africa.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective, clinic-based cohort study of adults seeking HIV testing from 2013-2017 in Umlazi township, South Africa. Patients newly diagnosed with HIV were enrolled and subsequently tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAg +). We used a Poisson linear regression model to assess which factors, pertaining to sociodemographic status, medical history, clinical symptoms, mental health were associated with HBV.
resultsAmong 3,105 PLHIV participants in South Africa, 6% were positive for HBV. Males had a higher HBV prevalence (10.4%) than females (5.2%). Within the HBV-positive group, the mean age was 33.2 years, with 38.3% females and 43.9% having completed high school or higher. About 39.9% reported alcohol use, 24.7% had a smoking history, and 8.3% reported substance use in the past year. Older participants born before 1995, when routine infant HBV vaccination was introduced, were more likely to have HBV. In multivariable analyses, smoking history increased HBV risk in females (aPR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.47-2.52), while alcohol use decreased HBV risk in males (aPR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.19-0.70).
conclusionsIn a South African cohort, roughly one in 16 PLHIV had HBV co-infection, and this rate was higher in males. The most prominent risk factors for HBV infection in PLHIV were alcohol use, higher income, and smoking history, which may help inform targeted treatment and prevention strategies. Creating HBV-specific screening and prevention strategies for PLHIV may be useful for reducing HBV infections.
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