Trial reportInternal medicine journal2024
Vitamin D status and intermediate vascular and bone outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a secondary post hoc analysis of IMPROVE-CKD.
Trial report in Internal medicine journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Correlation between hyperuricemia and coronary artery calcification.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Article
- Calcific Aortopathy in Response to Aging and Injury.Circulation · 2026Review
- Exploring the relationship between serum vitamin D and atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Vitamin D Analogues in Hemodialysis Patients: A Review of the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has been associated with abnormalities of mineral metabolism and vascular calcification. Vitamin D influences parathyroid hormone values and calcium and phosphate metabolism, and may play a role in vascular function and bone health. We aimed to test our hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is associated with arterial stiffness, aortic calcification and lower bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with CKD.
methodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed using baseline data from the IMpact of Phosphate Reduction On Vascular Endpoints in CKD (IMPROVE-CKD) study cohort. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between those with and without vitamin D deficiency, defined as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/L. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), abdominal aortic calcification (measured by the Agatston score) and lumbar spine BMD.
resultsBaseline 25(OHD) values were available in 208 out of 278 IMPROVE-CKD study participants, with a mean value of 70.1 ± 30.7 nmol/L. Of these, 57 (27%) patients had vitamin D deficiency. Those with 25(OH)D deficiency were more likely to have diabetes (56% vs 38%), cardiovascular disease (54% vs 36%) and lower serum calcium (2.29 ± 0.13 vs 2.34 ± 0.13 mmol/L). On univariable and multivariable regression analyses, baseline 25(OH)D values were not associated with PWV, the AIx, Agatston score or BMD.
conclusionBaseline 25(OH)D levels were not associated with intermediate markers of vascular function and BMD in patients with CKD stages 3b and 4.
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