Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39227383›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2024

Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in the public health system.

Raphael Wittenberg, Robert Anderson, Stuart Redding, Bipin Gopal, Rajeev Sadanandan, Vasudeva Iyer Sahasranamam, Simon George, Lakshmi Premnazir, Gopalakrishnan Netuveli, Jyotsna Srinath and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Raphael WittenbergNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. raphael.wittenberg@phc.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-2721
Robert AndersonNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Stuart ReddingNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5974-4395
Bipin GopalDirectorate of Health Services, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Rajeev SadanandanHealth Systems Transformation Platform, New Delhi, India.
Vasudeva Iyer SahasranamamRegional Institute of Ophthalmology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Simon GeorgeRegional Institute of Ophthalmology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Lakshmi PremnazirDirectorate of Health Services, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Gopalakrishnan NetuveliInstitute for Connected Communities, University of East London, London, UK.
Jyotsna SrinathInstitute for Connected Communities, University of East London, London, UK.
Radha RamakrishnanVision Sciences, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Dolores ConroyVision Sciences, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Sobha SivaprasadNIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL and Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8952-0659

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe Government of Kerala initiated a pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in 16 Family Health Centres in Thiruvananthapuram district in 2019 in collaboration with the ORNATE India project. The evaluation of this pilot included a study of its costs and cost-effectiveness to inform decisions about extending the programme throughout Kerala. SUBJECTS/

methodsThe participants comprise all 5307 people who were screened for diabetic retinopathy under the pilot programme for whom data could be collected.

resultsThe costs of the pilot programme are estimated at INR 11.3 million (including INR 1.9 million costs to individuals) and the benefits at 514 QALYs, slightly over one QALY per person treated. The cost per QALY was INR 22,000, which is well below India's Gross National Income per person.

conclusionsKerala's 2019 pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy was highly cost-effective.

Indexed as

Cost-Benefit AnalysisDiabetic RetinopathyMass ScreeningAdultFemaleHealth Care CostsHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsPublic HealthQuality-Adjusted Life Years

Identifiers

PMID39227383
PMCPMC11584660

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.