ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2024
Prediction of Cumulative Exposure to Atherogenic Lipids During Early Adulthood.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-traditional lipid-inflammatory parameters estimate the risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Serum Atherogenic Index and Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults: From Early Detection to Preventive Action.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Metabolic Perspective on Atherosclerosis: Macrophage Reprogramming and Novel Therapeutic Targets.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- IgG N-Glycosylation During Atorvastatin Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndrome is Associated with LDL Cholesterol Reduction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Association of cardiovascular risks and carotid stiffening at ultrafast ultrasound imaging in young populations.European radiology · 2026Article
- Brazilian Guideline on Dyslipidemias and Prevention of Atherosclerosis - 2025.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Cumulative exposure to atherogenic lipoprotein particles in young adults and subsequent incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Health Changes in Young Adults and Risk of Later-Life Cardiovascular Disease.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Association of Cardiovascular Health and Time Lived With Zero Coronary Artery Calcium.JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · 2025Observational
- Portfolio diet and LDL-C in a young, multiethnic cohort: cross-sectional analyses with cumulative exposure modeling.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Cardiovascular Risk: Current Insights and Future Strategies for Optimal Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases: an update.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe ability of a 1-time measurement of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to predict the cumulative exposure to these lipids during early adulthood (age 18-40 years) and the associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk after age 40 years is not clear.
objectivesThe objectives of this study were to evaluate whether a 1-time measurement of non-HDL-C or LDL-C in a young adult can predict cumulative exposure to these lipids during early adulthood, and to quantify the association between cumulative exposure to non-HDL-C or LDL-C during early adulthood and the risk of ASCVD after age 40 years.
methodsWe included CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study) participants who were free of cardiovascular disease before age 40 years, were not taking lipid-lowering medications, and had ≥3 measurements of LDL-C and non-HDL-C before age 40 years. First, we assessed the ability of a 1-time measurement of LDL-C or non-HDL-C obtained between age 18 and 30 years to predict the quartile of cumulative lipid exposure from ages 18 to 40 years. Second, we assessed the associations between quartiles of cumulative lipid exposure from ages 18 to 40 years with ASCVD events (fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke) after age 40 years.
resultsOf 4,104 CARDIA participants who had multiple lipid measurements before and after age 30 years, 3,995 participants met our inclusion criteria and were in the final analysis set. A 1-time measure of non-HDL-C and LDL-C had excellent discrimination for predicting membership in the top or bottom quartiles of cumulative exposure (AUC: 0.93 for the 4 models). The absolute values of non-HDL-C and LDL-C that predicted membership in the top quartiles with the highest simultaneous sensitivity and specificity (highest Youden's Index) were >135 mg/dL for non-HDL-C and >118 mg/dL for LDL-C; the values that predicted membership in the bottom quartiles were <107 mg/dL for non-HDL-C and <96 mg/dL for LDL-C. Individuals in the top quartile of non-HDL-C and LDL-C exposure had demographic-adjusted HRs of 4.6 (95% CI: 2.84-7.29) and 4.0 (95% CI: 2.50-6.33) for ASCVD events after age 40 years, respectively, when compared with each bottom quartile.
conclusionsSingle measures of non-HDL-C and LDL-C obtained between ages 18 and 30 years are highly predictive of cumulative exposure before age 40 years, which in turn strongly predicts later-life ASCVD events.
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