ReviewEndocrine reviews2025
Postbiotic Impact on Host Metabolism and Immunity Provides Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Disease.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dietary Supplementation withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Postbiotics as Emerging Therapeutics for Allergic Diseases: A Novel Approach Beyond Live Biologics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The gut-bone axis: impact of diet on gut microbiome and osteoporosis.Bone research · 2026Review
- Oral Postbiotic (VMK223) Supplementation Is Associated with Improved Instrumental Skin Appearance Parameters in Healthy Women Aged 40-55 Years: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Postbiotics as Multifunctional Bioactives: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Applications in Host Physiology and Microbial Ecosystem Modulation.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The Microbiota-Endometriosis Axis: An Immune-Endocrine Integration Model and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bioactive-Supplemented Infant Formulas and Early Gut-Immune-Endocrine Development: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiome modulating remedies for chronic diseases: a review of current interventions and future directions.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Postbiotics and paraprobiotics in food biochemistry mechanisms stability and nutritional applications.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Postbiotics and Skeletal Muscle Health: Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Postbiotics as a Therapeutic Tool in Depression: Exploring into Molecular Pathways and Neuroprotective Effects.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Article
- Gut microbiome and obesity care: Bridging dietary, surgical, and pharmacological interventions.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics in Modulating Gut Microbiota: Emerging Therapeutic Approaches for Metabolic Syndrome.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Alleviating Effects of Three Heat-InactivatedAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Microbiota and lipid mediators: from molecular crosstalk to therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Microbiota-miR-101 interactions in obesity-associated colorectal cancer: from barrier dysfunction to precision therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Dietary supplementation with postbiotics fromFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Modulating the Gut Microbiome in Type 2 Diabetes: Nutritional and Therapeutic Strategies.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Targeting gut microbiota in liver disease: A pharmacological approach for hepatic encephalopathy and beyond.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiota influences aspects of metabolic disease, including tissue inflammation, adiposity, blood glucose, insulin, and endocrine control of metabolism. Prebiotics or probiotics are often sought to combat metabolic disease. However, prebiotics lack specificity and can have deleterious bacterial community effects. Probiotics require live bacteria to find a colonization niche sufficient to influence host immunity or metabolism. Postbiotics encompass bacterial-derived components and molecules, which are well-positioned to alter host immunometabolism without relying on colonization efficiency or causing widespread effects on the existing microbiota. Here, we summarize the potential for beneficial and detrimental effects of specific postbiotics related to metabolic disease and the underlying mechanisms of action. Bacterial cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharides, muropeptides, lipoteichoic acids and flagellin, have context-dependent effects on host metabolism by engaging specific immune responses. Specific types of postbiotics within broad classes of compounds, such as lipopolysaccharides and muropeptides, can have opposing effects on endocrine control of host metabolism, where certain postbiotics are insulin sensitizers and others promote insulin resistance. Bacterial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, lactate, glycerol, succinate, ethanolamine, and ethanol, can be substrates for host metabolism. Postbiotics can fuel host metabolic pathways directly or influence endocrine control of metabolism through immunomodulation or mimicking host-derived hormones. The interaction of postbiotics in the host-microbe relationship should be considered during metabolic inflammation and metabolic disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.