ReviewCells2024
A Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies Targeting TGF-β in Graves' Ophthalmopathy.
Review in Cells, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Role of interleukin 17 and T helper cells 17 cells as a new immune target and signalling in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune thyroid diseases.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Rakkyo (Nutrients · 2026Article
- Urinary Biomarkers for Radiation Cystitis: Current Insights and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- METTL3 overexpression and ATF6 silencing-induced Inhibition in HAS2 expression relieves PDGF-BB stimulation-induced HA production and the proliferation of human orbital fibroblasts in graves' ophthalmopathy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- Canonical and Truncated Transglutaminase-2 Drive TGF-β1 Autocrine Loop to Induce Fibrosis in Graves' Orbitopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- The CD163 + tissue-infiltrating macrophages regulate ferroptosis in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy orbital fibroblasts via the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring new horizons in CAR-based therapy for the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Military Medical Research · 2025Article
- Association of Serum IL-35 and TGF-β Levels with the Incidence, Severity, and Treatment Response in Iraqi Patients with Graves' Disease.Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Emerging therapeutic approaches in graves' ophthalmopathy: an update on pharmacological interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
TGF-β plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of GO by promoting orbital tissue remodeling and fibrosis. This process involves the stimulation of orbital fibroblasts, leading to myofibroblast differentiation, increased production of inflammatory mediators, and hyaluronan accumulation. Studies have elucidated TGF-β's role in driving fibrosis and scarring processes through both canonical and non-canonical pathways, particularly resulting in the activation of orbital myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. Additionally, recent in vitro and in vivo studies have been summarized, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting TGF-β signaling pathways, which may offer promising treatment interventions for GO. This review aims to consolidate the current understanding of the multifaceted role of TGF-β in the molecular and cellular pathophysiology in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) by exploring its contributions to fibrosis, inflammation, and immune dysregulation. Additionally, the review investigates the therapeutic potential of inhibiting TGF-β signaling pathways as a strategy for treating GO.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.