ReviewmBio2024
Molecular and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 evolution: from BA.2 to XBB subvariants.
Review in mBio, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Broad cross-T cell immunity between emerging SARS-CoV-2 serotypes waved by spike-signature mutations.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Epistasis and background dependence in the evolution of Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Genomic-epidemiological analysis of 15 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes reveals accelerated fitness gain of JN.1 lineage.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein XBB.1.5 Mutations Altered Four Conserved Antigenic Determinants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Natural Selection-Guided ACE2-Targeted Molecular Imaging: A New Paradigm for PET Tracer Development.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Stealth replication of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in the nasal epithelium at physiological temperature.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 infection induces post-acute lung fibrosis in BALB/c mice.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Epistasis and background dependence in the evolution of Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A public health perspective of SARS-CoV-2 evolution and surveillance strategies in Germany from 2020 to 2023.Communications medicine · 2025Review
- Rapid, On-Site SARS-CoV‑2 Variant Detection and Differentiation Using GLAD-Pristine Silver Nanorod Arrays and Machine Learning-Enhanced SERS.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Article
- The Omicron Wave in Tunisia: Dynamic, Diversity, and Phylogenetic Analyses.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- The furin cleavage site is required for pathogenesis, but not transmission, of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Article
- A protein language model for exploring viral fitness landscapes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Entry Efficiency, Protease Dependence, and Antibody-Mediated Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Sublineages KP.3.1.1 and XEC.Vaccines · 2025Article
- The furin cleavage site is required for pathogenesis, but not transmission of SARS-CoV-2.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mutational Scanning and Binding Free Energy Computations of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Complexes with Distinct Groups of Neutralizing Antibodies: Energetic Drivers of Convergent Evolution of Binding Affinity and Immune Escape Hotspots.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Due to the incessant emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced fitness in the human population, controlling the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging. Understanding how the virus enhances its fitness during a pandemic could offer valuable insights for more effective control of viral epidemics. In this manuscript, we review the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from early 2022 to the end of 2023-from Omicron BA.2 to XBB descendants. Focusing on viral evolution during this period, we provide concrete examples that SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness by enhancing several functions of the spike (S) protein, including its binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and its ability to evade humoral immunity. Furthermore, we explore how specific mutations modify these functions of the S protein through structural alterations. This review provides evolutionary, molecular, and structural insights into how SARS-CoV-2 has increased its fitness and repeatedly caused epidemic surges during the pandemic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.