ReviewJACC. Basic to translational science2024
The Imperative to Enhance Cost-Effectiveness for Cardiovascular Therapeutic Development.
Review in JACC. Basic to translational science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting the Gut-Heart Axis in Atherosclerosis: Microbial Metabolites, Molecular Mechanisms, and Precision Therapeutics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The potential of artificial intelligence in clinical trials.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Special Issue "New Trends in Diabetes, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases: 3rd Edition".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Therapeutic agents, such as those that lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, have been a critical factor in mitigating CVD event risk and demonstrate the important role that drug discovery plays in reducing morbidity and mortality. However, rapidly rising development costs, diminishing returns, and an increasingly challenging regulatory environment have all contributed to a declining number of cardiovascular (CV) therapeutic agents entering the health care marketplace. For pharmaceutical companies, a traditional cardiovascular outcomes trial (CVOT) can be a major financial burden and impediment to CV agent development. They can take as long as a decade to conduct, delaying potential investment return while carrying risk of failure. For patients, lengthy CVOTs delay drug accessibility. Without cost-effective CVOTs, drug innovation may be compromised, with CV patients bearing the consequences. This paper reviews potential approaches for making CV drug development more cost-effective.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.