Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39302577›Full record

ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2025

Comparative outcomes of systemic diseases in people with type 2 diabetes, or obesity alone treated with and without GLP-1 receptor agonists: a retrospective cohort study from the Global Collaborative Network : Author list.

Mahmoud Nassar, Omar Nassar, Hazem Abosheaishaa, Anoop Misra

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for major neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mahmoud NassarDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. Dr.Nassar@Aucegypt.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5401-9562
Omar NassarWilliamsville East High School, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Hazem AbosheaishaaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Anoop MisraFortis-C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used to manage type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Despite their recognized benefits in glycemic control and weight management, their impact on broader systemic has been less explored.

objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of GLP-1RAs on a variety of systemic diseases in people with T2D or obesity.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Global Collaborative Network, accessed through the TriNetX analytics platform. The study comprised two primary groups: individuals with T2D and those with obesity. Each group was further divided into subgroups based on whether they received GLP-1RA treatment or not. Data were analyzed over more than a 5-year follow-up period, comparing incidences of systemic diseases; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ulcerative colitis (UC), crohn's disease (CD), alzheimer's disease (AD), parkinson's disease (PD), dementia, bronchial asthma (BA), osteoporosis, and several cancers.

resultsIn the T2D cohorts, GLP-1RA treatment was associated with significantly lower incidences of several systemic and metabolic conditions as compared to those without GLP-1RA, specifically, dementia (Risk Difference (RD): -0.010, p < 0.001), AD (RD: -0.003, p < 0.001), PD (RD: -0.002, p < 0.001), and pancreatic cancer (RD: -0.003, p < 0.001). SLE and SS also saw statistically significant reductions, though the differences were minor in magnitude (RD: -0.001 and - 0.000 respectively, p < 0.001 for both). Conversely, BA a showed a slight increase in risk (RD: 0.002, p < 0.001).

conclusionsGLP-1RAs demonstrate potential benefits in reducing the risk of several systemic conditions in people with T2D or obesity. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these effects fully and understand the mechanisms.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsObesityAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsBronchial asthmaCrohn’s diseaseDementiaLupusObesityOsteoporosis.Pancreatic cancerRetrospective cohort studyRheumatoid arthritisSystemic diseasesSystemic sclerosisTriNetXType 2 diabetesUlcerative colitis

Identifiers

PMID39302577

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.