SynthesisSocial science & medicine (1982)2024
Conformity to masculine norms and its association with drinking behaviors and alcohol-related consequences among adult men: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Social science & medicine (1982), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Traditional masculinity ideologies are associated with psychiatric diagnoses in men.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Masculine Norm Adherence Among Australian Men: Latent Structure of the CMNI-22 and Its Links With Mental Health Outcomes.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Risky Drinking in Midlife Men: Insights From Australia's National Drug Strategy Household Survey.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Global Burden of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy in Adults Aged 60 and Older From 1990 to 2021: A Secondary Analysis of Global Burden of Disease 2021 Data.Health science reports · 2026Article
- A Longitudinal Analysis: The Moderating and Mediating Effect of Alcohol Outcome Expectancies on Traditional Masculine Gender Norms and Alcohol Use among Latino Immigrant Men.Psychology of men & masculinity · 2026Article
- 'Zero Alcohol Drinks Are Really Complex': Navigating Substitution and Addition Consumption Issues.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Associations Among Stressful Events, Social Support, and Alcohol Use in Women and Men.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychosocial risk for substance use in 80,000 Mexican undergraduates: mental health and academic strain.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Individual Alcohol Consumption Depending on Regional Living Conditions: Results of a Russian Nationwide Study Based on 2012-2022 Data.Journal of research in health sciences · 2026Observational
- "Drink like a man!" masculine drinking norms, alcohol protective behavioral strategies, and severity of hazardous alcohol use among college men.Journal of counseling psychology · 2025Article
- Gender-biased diagnosis and treatment of depression: considering our blind eye on men's depression.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesStudies typically show that men are at higher risk for heavy alcohol use than women. Research linking conformity to masculine norms and drinking behaviors among adult males has grown steadily during the past 10 years. We conducted the first meta-analysis that examines (a) the strength of the associations between conformity to masculine norms and alcohol use outcomes, and (b) the extent to which the strength of these associations would be affected by the specific type of drinking behavior or methodological factors.
methodsWe included 35 studies (N=32,412) in this meta-analysis that examined the association between scores on the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI) and alcohol use outcomes.
resultsAcross all studies, the average correlation between conformity to masculine norms and alcohol variables was small (r = 0.17). The associations between conformity to masculine norms and specific alcohol variables were also modest: alcohol use composite score of frequency and quantity (r = 0.20), binge drinking frequency (r = 0.14), and alcohol-related consequences (r = 0.16). The mean correlation between each CMNI subscale and alcohol variables was also small (alcohol use composite, rs range from 0.07 to 0.22; alcohol-related consequences, rs range from 0.04 to 0.29; frequency of binge drinking, rs range from -0.06 to 0.22). There was a significant difference in effect size by specific type of drinking behavior (i.e., effect sizes for binge drinking were smaller than effect sizes for other alcohol variables). Methodological factors (i.e., CMNI version; sample type: university vs. adult vs. mixed samples; country where the study was conducted) did not affect the associations between masculine norms and the alcohol-outcome variables.
conclusionsConformity to masculine norms is modestly associated with drinking behaviors and alcohol-related consequences. The effect sizes reported in this meta-analysis can assist in power analyses in future studies on conformity to masculine norms and specific drinking behaviors among adult males.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.