Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39303692›Full record

ArticleCell2024

Genetic tracing of market wildlife and viruses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Alexander Crits-Christoph, Joshua I Levy, Jonathan E Pekar, Stephen A Goldstein, Reema Singh, Zach Hensel, Karthik Gangavarapu, Matthew B Rogers, Niema Moshiri, Robert F Garry and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Drivers of bat researchers' intent to adopt field hygiene practices.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026
    Article
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  8. Spike destabilization attenuates Mink Cluster 5 SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Animal virus-host interactions mediated by non-coding RNAs.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Public health consequences of global climate change. A narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Alexander Crits-ChristophIndependent researcher.
Joshua I LevyDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
Jonathan E PekarDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Stephen A GoldsteinDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Reema SinghVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Zach HenselITQB NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, Oeiras, Lisbon 2780-157, Portugal.
Karthik GangavarapuDepartment of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Matthew B RogersVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Niema MoshiriDepartment of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Robert F GarryTulane University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Zalgen Labs, Frederick, MD 21703, USA; Global Virus Network (GVN), Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Edward C HolmesSchool of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Marion P G KoopmansDepartment of Viroscience, and Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Centre, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Philippe LemeyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Thomas P PeacockThe Pirbright Institute, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W2 1P, UK.
Saskia PopescuUniversity of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Andrew RambautInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
David L RobertsonMRC-University of Glasgow Center for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
Marc A SuchardDepartment of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Joel O WertheimDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Angela L RasmussenVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Kristian G AndersenDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: andersen@scripps.edu.
Michael WorobeyDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. Electronic address: worobey@arizona.edu.
Florence DébarreInstitut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement (IEES-Paris, UMR 7618), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UPEC, IRD, INRAE, Paris, France. Electronic address: florence.debarre@sorbonne-universite.fr.

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00015 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HENSLEY, SCOTT · 2021 to 2025
$50.7M
Technology CoreU19AI135995 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Robert F Garry · 2018 to 2026
$32.0M
West African Emerging Infectious Disease Research Center (WA-EIDRC)U01AI151812 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ANDERSEN, KRISTIAN GRAUGAARD, GARRY, ROBERT F · 2020 to 2024
$13.2M
San Diego Biomedical Informatics Education & Research (SABER)T15LM011271 · NLM · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SHAMIM NEMATI · 2012 to 2026
$9.7M
PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNOLOGY OF DISEASET32AI007244 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI NEMAZEE, DAVID · 1985 to 2022
$8.8M
Automation and Evaluation of Real-Time Transmission Network-Based HIV Prevention Services in New York CityR01AI135992 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI WERTHEIM, JOEL OKRENT · 2018 to 2022
$3.6M
Statistical Innovation to Integrate Sequences and Phenotypes for Scalable Phylodynamic InferenceR01AI153044 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Marc A. Suchard · 2021 to 2026
$2.4M
NIAID NIH HHS 75N93021C00015NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI135992NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI153044NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007244NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI151812NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI135995NLM NIH HHS T15 LM011271Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Zoonotic spillovers of viruses have occurred through the animal trade worldwide. The start of the COVID-19 pandemic was traced epidemiologically to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Here, we analyze environmental qPCR and sequencing data collected in the Huanan market in early 2020. We demonstrate that market-linked severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic diversity is consistent with market emergence and find increased SARS-CoV-2 positivity near and within a wildlife stall. We identify wildlife DNA in all SARS-CoV-2-positive samples from this stall, including species such as civets, bamboo rats, and raccoon dogs, previously identified as possible intermediate hosts. We also detect animal viruses that infect raccoon dogs, civets, and bamboo rats. Combining metagenomic and phylogenetic approaches, we recover genotypes of market animals and compare them with those from farms and other markets. This analysis provides the genetic basis for a shortlist of potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 to prioritize for serological and viral sampling.

Indexed as

Animals, WildCOVID-19PhylogenySARS-CoV-2AnimalsHumansPandemicsforensic genomicsmetatranscriptomicsphylodynamicsphylogeneticsSARS-CoV-2viral emergencevirus evolutionwildlife trade

Identifiers

PMID39303692
PMCPMC11427129

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.