Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39305036›Full record

ArticleHIV medicine2025

Prevalence, factors and quality of life associated with frailty and pre-frailty in middle-aged and older adults living with HIV in Zimbabwe: A cross-sectional study.

Anthony Muchai Manyara, Tadios Manyanga, Anya Burton, Hannah Wilson, Joseph Chipanga, Tsitsi Bandason, Chris Grundy, Etheldreda I Yoliswa Madela, Kate A Ward, Bilkish Cassim and 2 more

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In one paragraph

Article in HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Sex-specific bone architectural deficits among older adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from Zimbabwe.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Anthony Muchai ManyaraGlobal Health and Ageing Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-926X
Tadios ManyangaThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Anya BurtonGlobal Health and Ageing Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Hannah WilsonGlobal Health and Ageing Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Joseph ChipangaThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tsitsi BandasonThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Chris GrundyMRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Etheldreda I Yoliswa MadelaDepartment of Geriatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Kate A WardMRC Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.
Bilkish CassimDepartment of Geriatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Rashida Abbas FerrandThe Health Research Unit Zimbabwe, Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Celia L GregsonGlobal Health and Ageing Research Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Funding

National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) NIHR302394Wellcome 217135/Z/19/ZWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe investigated associations between HIV, frailty and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

methodsThis cross-sectional study recruited men and women aged ≥40 years in Zimbabwe. A researcher collected clinical and HRQoL data, and performed physical assessments and HIV testing. Frailty was defined using five criteria: unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, low gait speed, low handgrip strength. The presence of three or more criteria defined frailty, one to two pre-frailty, and zero non-frail. Data analysis used adjusted regression modelling.

resultsOf 1034 adults (mean ± SD, 62.0 ± 14.0 years), 21.6% (n = 223) were living with HIV: 93.3% knew their status, of whom 96.2% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 89.7% of these had a viral load <50 copies/mL. Mean age at HIV diagnosis was 44.6 ± 10.4 years (only 8.1% were ≥70 years), people had been living with HIV for 9.8 ± 5.0 years and had been on ART for 9.4 ± 5.2 years. Overall, HIV was not associated with frailty: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 0.99 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-2.33] for frailty versus non-frailty. However, each 5 years lived with HIV was associated with twice the odds of frailty/pre-frailty (aOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.03-4.13), independent of age and ART duration. Furthermore, each 5 years of ART use was associated with 60% lower odds of frailty/pre-frailty (aOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19-0.78), independent of age and years lived with HIV. Older age, minimal education and poverty were associated with frailty. Frailty was associated with lower HRQoL in people both with and without HIV.

conclusionReduced survival and good viral suppression may explain the lack of association between HIV and frailty. Early ART initiation could reduce future risk of frailty.

Indexed as

FrailtyHIV InfectionsQuality of LifeAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceZimbabweAfricaageingfrailtyHIVHRQoLZimbabwe

Identifiers

PMID39305036
PMCPMC11725409

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.