Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39324664›Full record

SynthesisJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2025

Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment.

John W Winkelman, J Andrew Berkowski, Lourdes M DelRosso, Brian B Koo, Matthew T Scharf, Denise Sharon, Rochelle S Zak, Uzma Kazmi, Gerard Carandang, Yngve Falck-Ytter and 3 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Guideline
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. The evolving treatment landscape of restless legs syndrome.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

John W WinkelmanDepartments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Andrew BerkowskiReLACS Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Lourdes M DelRossoUniversity of California San Francisco-Fresno, Fresno, California.
Brian B KooDepartment of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Matthew T ScharfComprehensive Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Rutgers/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Denise SharonKeck Medical Center of University of Southern California Sleep Disorder Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Rochelle S ZakSleep Disorders Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Uzma KazmiAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine, Darien, Illinois.
Gerard CarandangAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine, Darien, Illinois.
Yngve Falck-YtterCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Anita V ShelgikarUniversity of Michigan Sleep Disorders Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Lynn Marie TrottiDepartment of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Arthur S WaltersDepartment of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis systematic review provides supporting evidence for the accompanying clinical practice guideline on the treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder.

methodsThe American Academy of Sleep Medicine commissioned a task force of experts in sleep medicine. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that compared the use of pharmacological or nonpharmacological treatment to no treatment to improve patient-important outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the clinical significance of using various interventions to treat restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder in adults and children. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation process was used to assess the evidence for making recommendations.

resultsThe literature search resulted in 3,631 studies out of which 148 studies provided data suitable for statistical analyses. The task force provided a detailed summary of the evidence along with the certainty of evidence, the balance of benefits and harms, patient values and preferences, and resource use considerations. CITATION: Winkelman JW, Berkowski JA, DelRosso LM, et al. Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment.

Indexed as

Nocturnal Myoclonus SyndromeRestless Legs SyndromeAcademies and InstitutesGRADE ApproachHumansSleep Medicine SpecialtyUnited Statesperiodic limb movement disorderrestless legs syndromesleep-related movement disordersWillis-Ekbom disease

Identifiers

PMID39324664
PMCPMC11701280

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.