Evidence mapPaperPMID 39337980Full record

ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2024

How Can Promoting Skeletal Muscle Health and Exercise in Children and Adolescents Prevent Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes?

Valeria Calcaterra, Vittoria Carlotta Magenes, Alice Bianchi, Virginia Rossi, Alessandro Gatti, Luca Marin, Matteo Vandoni, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Preventing Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents Through Exercise.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  4. Inflammation-Insulin Resistance Crosstalk and the Central Role of Myokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Valeria CalcaterraDepartment of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2137-5974
Vittoria Carlotta MagenesPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.
Alice BianchiPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.
Virginia RossiPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8363-9210
Alessandro GattiLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6628-7938
Luca MarinLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Matteo VandoniLaboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3405-9364
Gianvincenzo ZuccottiPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2795-9874

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Skeletal muscle secretome, through its paracrine and endocrine functions, contributes to the maintenance and regulation of overall physiological health. We conducted a narrative review on the role of skeletal muscle and exercise in maintaining glucose homeostasis, driving insulin resistance (IR), and preventing type 2 diabetes in pediatric populations, especially in the context of overweight and obesity. Myokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-15, as well as irisin, myonectin, and myostatin, appear to play a crucial role in IR. Skeletal muscle can also become a target of obesity-induced and IR-induced inflammation. In the correlation between muscle, IR, and inflammation, the role of infiltration of the immune cells and the microvasculature may also be considered. It remains unclear which exercise approach is the best; however, combining aerobic exercise with resistance training seems to be the most effective strategy for managing IR, with high-intensity activities offering superior metabolic benefits and long-term adherence. Encouraging daily participation in enjoyable and engaging exercise is key for long-term commitment and effective glucose metabolism management. Promoting physical activity in children and adolescents must be a top priority for public health, not only in terms of individual quality of life and well-being but also for community health.

Indexed as

adolescentschildrenexercisehealthinsulin resistanceskeletal muscletype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39337980
PMCPMC11433096

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.