Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39340391›Full record

ArticleBiomolecules & biomedicine2025

Fiber-type composition and 3D capillary analysis of the human splenius capitis muscle.

Nataša Pollak, Chiedozie Kenneth Ugwoke, Nejc Umek, Armin Alibegović, Jiří Janáček, Barbora Radochová, Erika Cvetko

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomolecules & biomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nataša PollakInstitute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Chiedozie Kenneth UgwokeInstitute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nejc UmekInstitute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Armin AlibegovićInstitute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Jiří JanáčekLaboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Barbora RadochováLaboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Erika CvetkoInstitute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the significance of neck muscles in musculoskeletal disorders, their microscopic anatomy remains poorly characterized. This study examined the splenius capitis muscle, focusing on its fiber-type composition, fiber size, and capillary network characteristics. For comparison and validation, the vastus lateralis muscle was also analyzed. Muscle samples from 13 young male subjects (mean age ± SD: 35.7 ± 8.6 years) were collected within 24-h post-mortem during autopsy. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression was characterized immunohistochemically in 10 μm sections, while the capillary network architecture was assessed in 100 μm sections. Immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and 3D image analysis were employed to quantify capillary tortuosity, anisotropy, branch density (Br dens), and the length of capillaries per muscle volume (LV), per muscle fiber length (LL), per fiber surface area (LS), and per fiber volume (LVf). Compared to the vastus lateralis muscle, the splenius capitis muscle had a higher percentage of type 1 fibers (51.2% vs 39.7%), fewer type 2a fibers (16.2% vs 31.4%), and smaller fiber diameters (35.5-40.9 μm vs 47-56.1 μm). It also displayed lower Br dens (P = 0.0069), higher anisotropy (P = 0.0004), and lower LL (P < 0.0001) but higher LVf (P = 0.0486). In the splenius capitis muscle, body mass index (BMI) negatively correlated with LV (P = 0.0155), LS (P = 0.0091), LVf (P = 0.0137), and anisotropy (P = 0.0425), and positively correlated with tortuosity (P = 0.0473), indicating a reduction in the capillary network. In the vastus lateralis muscle, only LV (P = 0.0161) decreased with high BMI. This study characterized the fiber-type composition, fiber size, and 3D capillary network of the splenius capitis muscle, establishing a baseline for investigations into pathological muscle alterations.

Indexed as

CapillariesMuscle Fibers, SkeletalNeck MusclesAdultHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleMyosin Heavy ChainsMyosin Heavy Chains

Identifiers

PMID39340391
PMCPMC12042670

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.