Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39342059›Full record

ReviewDrugs2024

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes: Pleiotropic Cardiometabolic Effects and Add-on Value of a Combined Therapy.

André J Scheen

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Drugs, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT07465926. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07465926 completed

Associations of Early Add-On GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy With Mortality and Kidney Outcomes in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Across Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Stages 2-3: A Target-Trial Emulation

Ran2017Enrolled451,036Registered outcomes12Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular Disease Risk Factor, Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome, Kidney Disease, Obesity & OverweightArmsGLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2 inhibitor
PMID 32114848PMID 38785209PMID 40281304PMID 27295427PMID 39291205PMID 41178710PMID 40899949PMID 40796935PMID 40570007PMID 40388382PMID 40371589PMID 40367988other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. PANoptosis in diabetes: immunometabolic insights and treatments.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Observational
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

André J ScheenDivision of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium. andre.scheen@chuliege.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-4371

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have proven efficacy and safety in randomized clinical trials and observational real-life studies. Besides improving glucose control, reducing body weight, and lowering arterial blood pressure (surrogate endpoints), the breakthroughs were the demonstration of a significant reduction in cardiovascular and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk. GLP-1RAs reduce events linked to atherogenic cardiovascular disease (especially ischemic stroke) and also renal outcomes (FLOW trial with semaglutide), with a limited effect on heart failure. The most striking protective effects of SGLT2is were a marked reduction in hospitalization for heart failure and a remarkable reduced progression of chronic kidney disease. These benefits have been attributed to numerous pleiotropic effects beyond glucose-lowering action. Underlying mechanisms contributing to cardiovascular and renal protection are at least partially different between GLP-1RAs (mainly anti-atherogenic and vascular effects) and SGLT2is (mainly systemic and intrarenal hemodynamic changes). Thus, patients at high risk may benefit from complementary actions when being treated with a GLP-1RA/SGLT2i combination. Such combination has proven its efficacy on surrogate endpoints. Furthermore, post hoc subgroup analyses of cardiovascular outcome trials have suggested a greater cardiorenal protection in patients treated with a combination versus either monotherapy. The benefits of a combined therapy have been confirmed in a few retrospective cohort studies. A dedicated prospective trial comparing a combined therapy versus either monotherapy is ongoing (PRECIDENTD); however, several challenges still remain, especially the higher cost of a combined therapy and the worldwide underuse of either GLP-1RAs or SGLT2is in clinical practice, even in patients at high cardiorenal risk.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsDrug Therapy, CombinationHumansGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID39342059

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.