Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39348850›Full record

ReviewSeminars in thrombosis and hemostasis2025

Vascular Pathogenesis in Acute and Long COVID: Current Insights and Therapeutic Outlook.

Arneaux Kruger, David Joffe, Graham Lloyd-Jones, Muhammed Asad Khan, Špela Šalamon, Gert J Laubscher, David Putrino, Douglas B Kell, Etheresia Pretorius

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Circulating angiogenic progenitor cell apoptosis in Post-COVID-19 syndrome.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Arneaux KrugerDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-6170-3143
David JoffeRespiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Graham Lloyd-JonesDepartment of Radiology, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-8191-4389
Muhammed Asad KhanWorld Health Network, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Špela ŠalamonWorld Health Network, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Gert J LaubscherMediclinic Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
David PutrinoRespiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Douglas B KellDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5838-7963
Etheresia PretoriusDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-9108-2384

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a postacute consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection-manifests with a broad spectrum of relapsing and remitting or persistent symptoms as well as varied levels of organ damage, which may be asymptomatic or present as acute events such as heart attacks or strokes and recurrent infections, hinting at complex underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Central to these symptoms is vascular dysfunction rooted in thrombotic endothelialitis. We review the scientific evidence that widespread endothelial dysfunction (ED) leads to chronic symptomatology. We briefly examine the molecular pathways contributing to endothelial pathology and provide a detailed analysis of how these cellular processes underpin the clinical picture. Noninvasive diagnostic techniques, such as flow-mediated dilation and peripheral arterial tonometry, are evaluated for their utility in identifying ED. We then explore mechanistic, cellular-targeted therapeutic interventions for their potential in treating ED. Overall, we emphasize the critical role of cellular health in managing Long COVID and highlight the need for early intervention to prevent long-term vascular and cellular dysfunction.

Indexed as

COVID-19Endothelium, VascularSARS-CoV-2Vascular DiseasesHumans

Identifiers

PMID39348850
PMCPMC11906225

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.