Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39350557›Full record

ReviewCurrent medicinal chemistry2026

Neuroimmune Interactions in Stress and Depression: Exploring the Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms within the Neuroinflammation-depression Nexus.

Alexey Sarapultsev, Evgenii Gusev, Valeriy Chereshnev, Maria Komelkova, Desheng Hu

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Insulin Resistance and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexey SarapultsevInstitute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg, 620049, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-3101-9655
Evgenii GusevInstitute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg, 620049, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-7145-2376
Valeriy ChereshnevInstitute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ekaterinburg, 620049, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-4329-147X
Maria KomelkovaRussian-Chinese Education and Research Center of System Pathology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-2431-8358
Desheng HuDepartment of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe escalating global burden of stress and depression underscores an urgent need to unravel their complex interrelationships and underlying mechanisms. This investigation delves into the intricate dynamics between stress and depression, spotlighting the Neuroimmunoinflammatory Stress Model (NIIS), which elucidates the pivotal role of cellular and molecular pathways in mediating these conditions.

methodsThrough an exhaustive review of literature spanning epidemiology, neurobiology, and psychoneuroimmunology, this study synthesizes the current understanding of stress and depression. It accentuates the definitional scopes, interplay, and intricacies of the NIIS model, which integrates neuroimmune-inflammatory responses into the conceptual framework of the stress-depression interaction.

resultsBy identifying stress as a multifactorial reaction to perceived adversities and depression as a manifestation of prolonged stress exposure, our analysis foregrounds the NIIS model. This paradigmatic model reveals the transition from normal stress responses to pathological neuroinflammatory pathways, highlighting neurotransmitter imbalances, disruptions in neuronal and glial homeostasis, and ensuing low-grade neuroinflammation as key factors in the pathogenesis of depression under chronic stress conditions. The NIIS model identifies prolonged cellular pro-inflammatory stress of neurons and microglia as a fundamental pathological subsystem of many neuropsychiatric disorders. In turn, neuroinflammation and associated neurodegenerative processes are complications of chronic psychoemotional stress, which can clinically manifest as depression.

conclusionThe NIIS model views depression as the terminal stage of chronic stress, pathogenetically linked to latent neuroinflammation. This insight not only advances our understanding of their etiopathogenesis but also paves the way for developing precise therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

DepressionNeuroimmunomodulationNeuroinflammatory DiseasesStress, PsychologicalAnimalsHumansInflammationallostatic loadcellular pathwaysChronic stressdepressionmolecular mechanismsneuroimmunoinflammatory stress modelneuroinflammationpsychoneuroimmunologystress-depression interconnectiontherapeutic interventions

Identifiers

PMID39350557

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.