ArticleNPJ breast cancer2024
Clinical and immune responses to neoadjuvant fulvestrant with or without enzalutamide in ER+/Her2- breast cancer.
Article in NPJ breast cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02955394 (Randomized Phase II Trial of Preoperative Fulvestrant With or Without Enzalutamide in ER+/Her2- Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Preoperative Fulvestrant With or Without Enzalutamide in ER+/Her2- Breast Cancer
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A pilot translational study of neoadjuvant fulvestrant plus abemaciclib in women with advanced low-grade serous carcinoma.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Nuclear FGF2, androgen receptor and Wnt pathway activation define a targetable subset of antiprogestin-resistant luminal breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- The Role of Androgen Receptor and Antiandrogen Therapy in Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Elevated Tumor-Associated Androgen Receptor Activity Correlates with Poor Immune Infiltration and Immunotherapy Response across Cancer Types.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Androgen Receptors Promote Oxidative Phosphorylation and Resistance to Palmitate Lipotoxicity in ER-Mutant Breast Cancer.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Activation of PI3K and deletion of p53 in keratin 15-expressing mouse mammary cells induces tumor heterogeneity and plasticity modeling metaplastic breast cancer.The Journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Predictive and Prognostic Values of Glycoprotein 96, Androgen Receptors, and Extranodal Extension in Sentinel Lymph Node-Positive Breast Cancer: An Immunohistochemical Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Most ER+ breast cancers (BC) express androgen receptors (AR). This randomized phase II trial of 4 months of neoadjuvant fulvestrant (Fulv) alone or with enzalutamide (Combo) assessed whether adding AR blockade to Fulv would limit residual tumor at the time of surgery, as measured by modified preoperative endocrine predictive index (PEPI) score. Eligible patients were women with ER+/HER2- primary BC cT2 or greater. Stratification factors were clinical node and T-stage. Fresh tumor biopsies were required at study entry, after 4 weeks on therapy (W5), and at surgery. Laboratory analyses on tumors included immunochemistry (IHC) for ER/PR/AR/GR and Ki67 protein, evaluation of gene expression, multiplex for myeloid lineage immune cells, reverse-phase protein array, and plasma metabolomic analyses. Of 69 consented patients, 59 were evaluable. Toxicity was as expected with endocrine therapy. Combo achieved PEPI = 0 more frequently (24%: 8/33) than Fulv (8%: 2/26). Ki67 was ≤10% across arms by W5 in 76% of tumors. Activation of mTOR pathway proteins was elevated in tumors with poor Ki67 response. Tumors in both arms showed decreased estrogen-regulated and cell division gene sets, while Combo arm tumors uniquely exhibited enrichment of immune activation gene sets, including interferon gamma, complement, inflammation, antigen processing, and B and T cell activation. Multiplex IHC showed significantly reduced tumor-associated macrophages and CD14+/HLADR-/CD68- MDSCs in Combo tumors at W5. In summary, Combo tumors showed a higher PEPI = 0 response, Ki67 response, and more activated tumor immune microenvironment than Fulv. The odds of response were 4.6-fold higher for patients with ILC versus IDC. (Trial registration: This trial is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov ( https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02955394?id=16-1042&rank=1 ). The trial registration number is NCT02955394. The full trial protocol is available under Study Details at the Clinicaltrials.gov link provided).
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.