Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39369697›Full record

ArticleHormone research in paediatrics2026

Strategies for Equitable Recruitment to Engage Underrepresented Youth and Their Families into Clinical Research: Findings from the BEAD-T1D Pilot Study.

Ricardo Medina Peñaranda, Lauren E Figg, Sarah J Hanes, Gary M Shaw, Lisa J Chamberlain, Jennifer Raymond, Diana Naranjo, David M Maahs, Korey K Hood, Ananta Addala

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Hormone research in paediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ricardo Medina PeñarandaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Lauren E FiggDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Sarah J HanesDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Gary M ShawDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Lisa J ChamberlainDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Jennifer RaymondDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Diana NaranjoDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
David M MaahsDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Korey K HoodDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Ananta AddalaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA, aaddala@stanford.edu.

Funding

Reducing Disparities in Pediatric Diabetes: Building the Evidence Base to Inform Effective Diabetes Technology Interventions in Underrepresented MinoritiesK23DK131342 · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$194k
NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK131342
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTo address disparities in clinical research, we present strategies to optimize recruitment of underrepresented families into the Building the Evidence to Address Disparities in Type 1 Diabetes (BEAD-T1D) study.

methodsA bilingual/bicultural Latino research assistant (RA) was hired to facilitate culturally congruent recruitment for pediatric type 1 diabetes families. The RA screened, approached, and consented families using their preferred language, time of contact, and answered personal concerns around research. Families were given the option to consent during outpatient clinic visits (in-person, or virtually via video/phone call) at a pace set by the parent/guardian to ensure understanding.

resultsSixty-four families (Hispanic-65%, Non-Hispanic White [NHW]-17%, Non-Hispanic Black-1%, and Other-4%) were eligible. Of 49 approached, 32 consented (39 ± 7.9 years; female-81%; Hispanic-72%, NHW-28%, <50K income-69%, Spanish-speaking-50%). Clinic approaches were important to successful consent: 87% of the clinic approaches resulted in consent. Barriers to clinic approaches for RA included late/no response from clinicians, care team ending visit, and bandwidth/connectivity issues. Facilitators to clinic approaches included collaborative clinic care teams, flexible RA hours, and patient screening days in advance. We exceeded our recruitment goals for surveys (31/30), focus groups/interviews (26/20), and advisory board (22/10).

conclusionsWe identified that culturally and linguistically congruent staff, flexible recruitment practices, and prioritizing participant availability were solutions to recruit a diverse study cohort resulting exceeding recruitment goals. Cultural interpersonal relationships formed with families addressed barriers to research participation within and outside of the medical system. These strategies suggest equitable clinical trial recruitment is feasible in diabetes research.

Indexed as

Biomedical ResearchDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Patient SelectionAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMalePilot ProjectsDisparitiesEquityPediatric endocrinologyRecruitmentType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39369697
PMCPMC11968438

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.