ArticleScientific reports2024
Causal impacts of smoking on pain conditions and the mediating pathways: a mendelian randomization study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Opioids for management of endometriosis associated pain: balancing effectiveness and quality of life.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Kuwaiti Pilgrims During Hajj 2024.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Gene discovery and pleiotropic architecture of chronic pain in a genome-wide association study of >1.2 million individuals.Research square · 2025Article
- Gene discovery and pleiotropic architecture of Chronic Pain in a Genome-wide Association Study of >1.2 million Individuals.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Global burden of low back pain attributable to smoking in 204 countries and territories in 1990-2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Smoking is a risk factor for multiple diseases. We performed mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the causal association of smoking initiation on pain conditions and the potential mediating pathways. Genetic associated with smoking initiation at the genome-wide significance level were selected as instrumental variables. Genetic associations with 10 pain conditions were derived from the FinnGen and UK Biobank study. Multivariable MR analysis was conducted to explore the mediation effects of depression, insomnia and sedentary behavior. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability of our research findings. Genetic liability to smoking initiation was associated with an increased risk of angina pectoris, dorsalgia, low back pain, pain in limb, pain in joint, pain in thoracic spine and sciatica in both FinnGen and UK Biobank study. These causal associations were largely mediated by major depression (2.9- 39.5%), sedentary behavior (13.0- 31.2%), insomnia (10.3- 33.1%) and combination of all three mediators (30.2- 65.3%). The effects of smoking on outcomes were partly attenuated after adjusting for depression, sedentary behavior and insomnia respectively, and the direct effect of smoking initiation on pain was diminished toward null after adjusting for combined three mediators. These results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Our findings illustrated the causal effect of smoking and a broad range of pain conditions, and major depression, sedentary behavior and insomnia mediate many of these associations.
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