Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39396052›Full record

ArticleTrials2024

Why were so few randomized trials of public health and social measures conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic? The Norwegian experience.

Atle Fretheim, Petter Elstrøm, Cathinka Halle Julin, Unni Gopinathan, Ingeborg Hess Elgersma, Runar Barstad Solberg, Arnfinn Helleve

Abstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Atle FretheimCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. atle.fretheim@fhi.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-7966
Petter ElstrømCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Cathinka Halle JulinCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Unni GopinathanCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Ingeborg Hess ElgersmaCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Runar Barstad SolbergCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Arnfinn HelleveCentre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew randomized trials of public health and social measures were carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. We report on the major barriers we faced when we tried to run such trials.

methodsWe reviewed all randomized trials proposed and initiated by the Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic.

resultsOf the 18 proposed trials, 11 trials were not implemented. One of the key legal and ethical barriers to conducting the trials was the Norwegian Health Research Act, which demands informed consent from all participants who are exposed to an intervention. A lack of sufficient political support was also a challenge, as was unpredictability, due to shifting disease incidence and changing recommendations from the authorities.

conclusionStrengthening the evidence base for public health and social measures in pandemics will require political and public understanding and support and a legal framework that allows for the conduct of such trials.

Indexed as

COVID-19Public HealthRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicHumansInformed ConsentNorwayPandemicsResearch DesignSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID39396052
PMCPMC11470701

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.