ReviewNature medicine2024
How to make cardiology clinical trials more inclusive.
Review in Nature medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of Cancer Across Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Pooled it
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for primary cardiovascular disease prevention in type 2 diabetes, a systematic review.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative analysis of randomized versus real-world populations in heart failure: DIAMOND trial vs CARE-HK registry.ESC heart failure · 2026Trial
- Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Finerenone in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Spanish Multicentre Retrospective Observational Study (MEDFINE-RWD).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Observational
- Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Wearable devices and cardiovascular health: revolutionizing remote monitoring and disease prevention.European heart journal · 2026Review
- Strategies to improve regional representation in heart failure randomized controlled clinical trials.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- Equity at the Intersection of Heart Failure and Interventions: A Review of the Spectrum From Ambulatory Care to Cardiogenic Shock.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- How Sex and Race/Ethnicity Influence Interventional Cardiology Outcomes: What Do We Know?Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- Decentralized clinical trials in cardiovascular disease : A primer for clinical trialists.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide and tirzepatide for patients with type 2 diabetes in clinical practice.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Breaking the Cycle: Why Women of Reproductive Age Belong in All Areas of Health Research.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Sex-related differences in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy: fiction or fact? Why can't we see the evidence?European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2025Review
- Challenges in the prevention, treatment and management of cardiovascular disease among older adults.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Effects of oral semaglutide on kidney outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide, multicentre, retrospective, observational study (Renal_ENDO2S-RWD substudy).Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Advancement of the implementation of evidence-based therapies for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic conditions: A multi-stakeholder perspective.American heart journal · 2025Review
- Achieving equitable recruitment through inclusive protocol design: lessons learned from the ILANA study.Trials · 2025Article
- Advancing ASO therapies from development to implementation.Nature medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular clinical trials continue to under-represent children, older adults, females and people from ethnic minority groups relative to population disease distribution. Here we describe strategies to foster trial representativeness, with proposed actions at the levels of trial funding, design, conduct and dissemination. In particular, trial representativeness may be increased through broad recruitment strategies and site selection criteria that reflect the diversity of patients in the catchment area, as well as limiting unjustified exclusion criteria and using pragmatic designs that minimize research burden on patients (including embedded and decentralized trials). Trial communications ought to be culturally appropriate; engaging diverse people with lived experience in the co-design of some trial elements may foster this. The demographics of trialists themselves are associated with participant demographics; therefore, trial leadership must be actively diversified. Funding bodies and journals increasingly require the reporting of sociodemographic characteristics of trial participants, and regulatory bodies now provide guidance on increasing trial diversity; these steps may increase the momentum towards change. Although this Perspective focuses on the cardiovascular trial context, many of these strategies could be applied to other fields.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39402268What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.