Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39402554›Full record

Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2024

Differing effectiveness of transcranial random noise stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation for enhancing working memory in healthy individuals: a randomized controlled trial.

Yukina Tokikuni, Akihiro Watanabe, Hisato Nakazono, Hiroshi Miura, Ryuji Saito, Duan Miaowen, Kanako Fuyama, Keita Takahashi, Kazufumi Okada, Kazuhiro Sugawara and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Yukina TokikuniGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Akihiro WatanabeGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Hisato NakazonoDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 814-0001, Japan.
Hiroshi MiuraGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Ryuji SaitoGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Duan MiaowenGraduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
Kanako FuyamaData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Keita TakahashiData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Kazufumi OkadaData Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
Kazuhiro SugawaraDepartment of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
Harukazu TohyamaDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Hokkaido, Japan.
Susumu YoshidaDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, 061- 0293, Japan.
Kenneth N K FongDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Daisuke SawamuraDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Hokkaido, Japan. D.sawamura@pop.med.hokudai.ac.jp.ORCID 0000-0003-3180-3474

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22K1144202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a promising technique for enhancing working memory (WM) performance in healthy and psychiatric populations. However, limited information is available about the effectiveness of transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) applied to the left DLPFC on WM. This study investigated the effectiveness of tRNS on WM compared with that of tDCS, which has established functional evidence.

methodsThis randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial enrolled 120 healthy right-handed adults who were randomly allocated to four stimulation groups: tRNS + direct current (DC) offset, tRNS, tDCS, or sham. Each stimulus was placed over the left DLPFC and had a current intensity of 2 mA applied for 20 min during the dual n-back task. The dual n-back task was repeated thrice: pre-stimulation, during stimulation, and post-stimulation. The d-prime scores, and response times were calculated as the main outcome measures. A linear mixed model was created to identify the main effects and interactions between the groups and times, with the group and time as fixed effects, and baseline performance and the subject as a covariate and random effect, respectively. The relationships between the benefit of each stimulus and baseline WM performance were also examined.

resultsFor the d-prime score during stimulation, the tRNS group significantly performed better than the sham group at online assessment (β = 0.310, p = 0.001). In the relationships between the benefit of each stimulus and baseline WM performance, the tRNS group had significantly larger negative line slopes than the sham group for the d-prime score (β = -0.233, p = 0.038).

conclusionstRNS applied to the left DLPFC significantly improved WM performance and generated greater benefits for healthy individuals with lower WM performance. These findings highlight the potential utility of tRNS for enhancing WM performance in individuals with lower WM performance and contribute evidence for clinical application to patients with cognitive decline.

trial registrationThis study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry in Japan (UMIN000047365) on April 1, 2022; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000054021 .

Indexed as

Dorsolateral Prefrontal CortexMemory, Short-TermTranscranial Direct Current StimulationAdultDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHealthy VolunteersHumansMalePrefrontal CortexYoung AdultDorsolateral prefrontal cortexDual n-back taskTranscranial direct current stimulationTranscranial random noise stimulationWorking memory

Identifiers

PMID39402554
PMCPMC11472542

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.