Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39403670›Full record

ArticleCureus2024

Factors Contributing to Lack of Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications Among Patients at Nishtar Hospital in Multan, Pakistan.

Allahdad Khan, Ayesha Maqbool, Ahmed A Khan, Muhammad Farhan Jamil, Beshair Aziz, Aamir Aziz, Jawad A Khan, Muhammad Hamza Riaz, Wania Naeem, Ahsan Rasheed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Allahdad KhanDepartment of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Ayesha MaqboolDepartment of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Ahmed A KhanDepartment of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Muhammad Farhan JamilDepartment of Community Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Beshair AzizDepartment of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Aamir AzizDepartment of Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK.
Jawad A KhanDepartment of Family Medicine, Al Barsha Health Center, Dubai, ARE.
Muhammad Hamza RiazDepartment of Internal Medicine, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, GBR.
Wania NaeemDepartment of Medicine, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.
Ahsan RasheedDepartment of Medicine, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension affects 26.7% of Pakistan's population, with only 6% achieving control. This study investigates antihypertensive medication adherence in Multan, focusing on socioeconomic and patient-related factors influencing non-adherence to study the lack of adherence to antihypertensive medications in hypertensive patients and its associated factors at Nishtar Hospital in Multan, Pakistan.

methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients admitted at Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan. Patients under the age of 20 years were excluded from the study. A self-developed questionnaire was used to gather the demographic details of patients. The Hill-Bone Medication Adherence Scale was used via a non-probability convenience sampling technique to deduce the adherence level in patients. Data analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) v23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.

resultsOut of 217 respondents, most were female, married, unemployed, and residing in urban areas. Most of them had a higher level of education and a monthly income averaging below 30,000 PKR (Pakistani Rupee). The insight into the hypertensive history showed that most of them had a positive family history and comorbid conditions, and were hypertensive for more than five years. The majority of the patients had a complex regimen prescribed to them with multiple doses throughout the day. The minority were smokers and had medications provided to them for free, through public or government-funded institutions. More importantly, adherence to the antihypertensive therapy was negatively correlated with the age of the patients (p = 0.004, r = -0.195), complexity of regimen (p = 0.041), multiple dosing (p = 0.039), and cost of medication (p = 0.043). All of these relations were statistically significant.

conclusionLack of adherence to antihypertensive medications in hypertensive patients is more common in populations belonging to older age groups, complex regimens, multiple doses, and higher medicine fees.

Indexed as

antihypertensive medicationassociated factorshigh blood pressurehypertensionmedication adherencenonadherencepakistan

Identifiers

PMID39403670
PMCPMC11472502

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.