Evidence mapPaperPMID 39408319Full record

SynthesisNutrients2024

Effect of Caffeine and Nitrates Combination on Exercise Performance, Heart Rate and Oxygen Uptake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Laura Gilsanz, Juan Del Coso, Sergio L Jiménez-Saiz, Helios Pareja-Galeano

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Laura GilsanzDepartment of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0009-0001-3349-4735
Juan Del CosoSport Sciences Research Centre, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5785-984X
Sergio L Jiménez-SaizSport Sciences Research Centre, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5069-6099
Helios Pareja-GaleanoDepartment of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5780-2712

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe evidence about the synergy of combining caffeine (CAF) and nitrates on exercise performance has not been summarized, although there is a possibility of additive/synergistic effects of the co-ingestion of these substances given their different mechanisms of action in central (CAF) and peripheral tissues (nitrates).

objectivesThe aim was to analyze the effects of co-supplementation of CAF and nitrates on sports performance in comparison to the isolated ingestion of these substances.

methodsThe databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, CiNAHL and SPORTDiscus were used until June 2024 following PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials, at least one single-blind trial, conducted in adults were considered. A meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference estimated by Hedges'

resultsSix studies were included (N = 95). The meta-analysis revealed that caffeine and nitrates supplementation (CAF+nitrates) did not enhance performance in time trials (TTs) over the CAF alone (

conclusionsCAF+nitrates did not offer further benefits on exercise performance or physiological variables from the isolated intake of CAF and nitrates.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceCaffeineExerciseHeart RateNitratesOxygen ConsumptionAdultDietary SupplementsHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicCaffeineNitratesbeetroot juicecaffeineco-supplementationnitratesperformance

Identifiers

PMID39408319
PMCPMC11478677

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.