Evidence mapPaperPMID 39408957Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024

Metabolic Syndrome, Thyroid Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Risk: The Triptych of Evil.

Alessandro Pingitore, Melania Gaggini, Francesca Mastorci, Laura Sabatino, Linda Cordiviola, Cristina Vassalle

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Alessandro PingitoreClinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4049-184X
Melania GagginiClinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6311-502X
Francesca MastorciClinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9415-3715
Laura SabatinoClinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9283-5042
Linda CordiviolaDepartment of Pharmacy, Pisa University, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Cristina VassalleFondazione G. Monasterio, Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3438-6450

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The triad formed by thyroid dysfunction, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular (CV) risk forms a network with many connections that aggravates health outcomes. Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism and hemodynamic regulation at the molecular level. It is noteworthy that a bidirectional association between THs and MetS and their components likely exists as MetS leads to thyroid dysfunction, whereas thyroid alterations may cause a higher incidence of MetS. Thyroid dysfunction increases insulin resistance, the circulating levels of lipids, in particular LDL-C, VLDL-C, and triglycerides, and induces endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, THs are important regulators of both white and brown adipose tissue. Moreover, the pathophysiological relationship between MetS and TH dysfunction is made even tighter considering that these conditions are usually associated with inflammatory activation and increased oxidative stress. Therefore, the role of THs takes place starting from the molecular level, then manifesting itself at the clinical level, through an increased risk of CV events in the general population as well as in patients with heart failure or acute myocardial infarction. Thus, MetS is frequently associated with thyroid dysfunction, which supports the need to assess thyroid function in this group, and when clinically indicated, to correct it to maintain euthyroidism. However, there are still several critical points to be further investigated both at the molecular and clinical level, in particular considering the need to treat subclinical dysthyroidism in MetS patients.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesMetabolic SyndromeThyroid DiseasesAnimalsHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansRisk FactorsThyroid GlandThyroid HormonesThyroid Hormonesatherosclerosiscardiovascular riskendothelial dysfunctionmetabolic syndromethyroid dysfunctionthyroid hormones

Identifiers

PMID39408957
PMCPMC11477096

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.