ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Metabolic Syndrome, Thyroid Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Risk: The Triptych of Evil.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnostic accuracy of the atherogenic index of plasma in metabolic syndrome: a diagnostic meta-analysis.PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk of thyroid disease among adult primary aldosteronism patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Thyroid Hormones and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Findings from 18 Years of Follow-up in Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS).International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Associations of thyroid function, inflammatory cytokines, and ceramides with 30-day functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Association between cardiometabolic index and thyroid function: insights from NHANES.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Determinants in Euthyroid Patients with Obesity: The Strange Case of TSH in Primary Prevention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond Atrial Fibrillation: A Case of Thyrotoxicosis-Associated Ischemic Stroke in a Young Patient.Cureus · 2026Article
- Thyroid Hormone Indices and Histopathological Severity of Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Biopsy-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based identification of concomitant stroke and prognostic analysis in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrative multi-omics analyses identify key genes and elucidate bidirectional regulatory mechanisms in thyroid dysfunction.PloS one · 2026Article
- Sex, Race, and Geographic Disparities in Mortality of Cardiovascular Diseases due to Thyroid Dysfunction: A 21-Year Longitudinal Analysis Using CDC WONDER Database (1999-2020).Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Thyroid Disorders and Their Impact on Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Gender Differences in Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Initial-Treatment and Drug-Naïve Bipolar Disorder Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Exploring the Cross-Sectional Association Between Hypothyroidism and Circadian Syndrome: Insights from NHANES 2007-2012.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Article
- Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Thyroid Hormones and Metabolism Regulation: Which Role on Brown Adipose Tissue and Browning Process?Biomolecules · 2025Review
- A study on the correlation of thyroid nodules with METS-IR and SII in a population undergoing health checkups.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Drug-Induced Myocardial Infarction: A Review of Pharmacological Triggers and Pathophysiological Mechanisms.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The triad formed by thyroid dysfunction, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular (CV) risk forms a network with many connections that aggravates health outcomes. Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism and hemodynamic regulation at the molecular level. It is noteworthy that a bidirectional association between THs and MetS and their components likely exists as MetS leads to thyroid dysfunction, whereas thyroid alterations may cause a higher incidence of MetS. Thyroid dysfunction increases insulin resistance, the circulating levels of lipids, in particular LDL-C, VLDL-C, and triglycerides, and induces endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, THs are important regulators of both white and brown adipose tissue. Moreover, the pathophysiological relationship between MetS and TH dysfunction is made even tighter considering that these conditions are usually associated with inflammatory activation and increased oxidative stress. Therefore, the role of THs takes place starting from the molecular level, then manifesting itself at the clinical level, through an increased risk of CV events in the general population as well as in patients with heart failure or acute myocardial infarction. Thus, MetS is frequently associated with thyroid dysfunction, which supports the need to assess thyroid function in this group, and when clinically indicated, to correct it to maintain euthyroidism. However, there are still several critical points to be further investigated both at the molecular and clinical level, in particular considering the need to treat subclinical dysthyroidism in MetS patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.