ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2024
Breastfeeding frequency and incidence of type 2 diabetes among women with previous gestational diabetes compared to those without: a historical cohort study in the UK.
Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- GDM as a unique pathophysiological entity or a transitional pregnancy-induced glucose metabolism abnormality identifying primary diabetes types?Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Facilitators and barriers to establishing lactation among women with diabetes?Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThere is a growing body of research to suggest that women with gestational diabetes are less likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding than those who have not had however findings are mixed. There is limited research in the UK assessing the frequency of breastfeeding in women with gestational diabetes, none reporting the association of breastfeeding with incidence of type 2 diabetes and existing research has not adequately adjusted for potential confounders. This study aims to assess frequency of breastfeeding among women with gestational diabetes compared to those without, and to explore how breastfeeding influences risk of future type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes while adjusting for known confounders.
methodsHistorical cohort study using routinely collected health care data from Fife and Tayside Health Boards, Scotland, UK including all women diagnosed with gestational diabetes between 1993 and 2015 and a matched comparator cohort (n = 4,968). Women with gestational diabetes were followed up until a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, the end of the study, or date of death. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for breastfeeding for the whole sample and the association between breastfeeding and development of type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes was assessed by Cox regression.
resultsWomen with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes, who were younger, overweight/obese or living in the most deprived areas were significantly less likely to exclusively breastfeed for a duration of longer than eight weeks. Risk of developing type 2 diabetes among women with gestational diabetes was significantly higher for those who exclusively breastfed less than 8 weeks, lived in the most deprived areas or had a family history of diabetes.
conclusionsThis study confirms the important role of a short duration of exclusive breastfeeding in protecting women with gestational diabetes against type 2 diabetes but highlights the challenges to breastfeeding in this group. Interventions are needed to support breastfeeding among women with gestational diabetes that are acceptable to younger, overweight/obese women living in deprived areas.
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