ArticleArchives of endocrinology and metabolism2024
Sex differences in the correlation between lipids related to cardiovascular risk factors and small dense LDL particles in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article in Archives of endocrinology and metabolism, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sex-specific differences in the relationship between the atherogenic index and hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Sex differences in lipid metabolism associated with prevalent small dense (S-) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol particles are not elucidated. An LDL to apolipoprotein B (ApoB) ratio < 1.2 can estimate how prevalent S-LDL particles are and, thus, reflect cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sex distribution of LDL/ApoB ratio among patients with type 2 diabetes (DM) and to assess, in both sexes, the correlations between key lipid parameters and LDL/ApoB < 1.2. Subjects and methods: The study included 190 Caucasian participants (mean age 51.8 ± 6.4 years) with DM (DM group) or without DM (control group) divided into subgroups according to sex. The participants were examined for levels of several lipid parameters, selected lipid-related oxidative stress markers, and estimated S-LDL prevalence. Results: An LDL/ApoB < 1.2 (p < 0.05) was observed in 67% of male and female patients with DM. Although triglyceride levels did not differ between men and women, women had higher levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.01) than men. Among women with LDL/ApoB < 1.2, strong correlations were observed between values of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and atherogenic index of plasma (p < 0.005) and between levels of triglycerides and LOOH (p < 0.005) and ApoB (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The findings indicate that women with LDL/ApoB < 1.2 tend to have a higher cardiovascular risk than men. Additionally, LDL/ApoB < 1.2 can be a surrogate marker for estimating the S-LDL prevalence in individuals with potentially increased cardiovascular risk.
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