Trial reportBMJ open diabetes research & care2024
Effect of weight-maintaining ketogenic diet on glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in obese T2D subjects.
Trial report in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beneficial Effects of Carbohydrate Restriction in Type 2 Diabetes Can Be Traced to Changes in Hepatic Metabolism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Trial
- Ketogenic Diet in Obesity and Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The significance of the ketolytic gene OXCT1 in metabolism, intracellular signaling and disease development.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Targeting Insulin Resistance Through Nutrition: Pathophysiological Insights and Dietary Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Ketogenic metabolic therapy: low-carbohydrate interventions as novel neuroprotective strategies for cognitive dysfunction in diabetes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- A narrative review of dietary patterns in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- β‑hydroxybutyric acid as a potential therapeutic metabolite for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Adaptive Ketogenic-Mediterranean Protocol (AKMP) in Real Clinical Practice: 14-Week Pre-Post Cohort Study on Glucolipid Markers and Safety.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Quality of Life in Parkinson Disease: An Integrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- A long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin secretion in mice.Science advances · 2025Article
- The Ketogenic Diet Through a Metabolomic Lens: Biochemical Pathways, Therapeutic Applications, and Analytical Challenges.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Integrating Precision Medicine and Digital Health in Personalized Weight Management: The Central Role of Nutrition.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Ketones and Insulin: A Paradoxical Interplay With Implications for Glucose Metabolism.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Review
- HIF1α mediates circadian regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and substrate preference in response to time-of-day exercise.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Adipose tissue-derived microRNA-450a-5p induces type 2 diabetes mellitus by downregulating DUSP10.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential of the ketogenic diet in managing metabolic syndrome: mechanisms, strategies, and future research directions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Ketogenic Diet as a Nutritional Metabolic Intervention for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLow carbohydrate ketogenic diets have received renewed interest for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. These diets promote weight loss, improve glycemic control, and reduce insulin resistance. However, whether the improvements in glycemic control and insulin sensitivity are secondary to the weight loss or result from a direct effect of hyperketonemia is controversial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methods29 overweight obese subjects were randomized to one of three dietary interventions for 10 days: (1) Weight-maintaining standard diet; (2) Weight-maintaining ketogenic diet; (3) Weight-maintaining ketogenic diet plus supplementation with the ketone ester of beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-OH-B), 8 g every 8 hours. At baseline, all subjects had oral glucose tolerance test, 2-step euglycemic insulin clamp (20 mU/m
resultsBody weight, fat content, and per cent body fat (DEXA) remained constant over the 10-day dietary intervention period in all three groups. Plasma β-OH-B concentration increased twofold, while carbohydrate oxidation decreased, and lipid oxidation increased demonstrating the expected shifts in substrate metabolism with institution of the ketogenic diet. Glucose tolerance either decreased slightly or remained unchanged in the two ketogenic diet groups. Whole body (muscle), liver, and adipose tissue sensitivity to insulin remained unchanged in all 3 groups, as did the plasma lipid profile and blood pressure.
conclusionIn the absence of weight loss, a low carbohydrate ketogenic diet has no beneficial effect on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, or other metabolic parameters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.