ArticleMolecular neurobiology2025
Neuroinflammation in Severe COVID-19: The Dynamics of Inflammatory and Brain Injury Markers During Hospitalization.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heterogeneity of Immunological, Coagulation and Complement Clustering to Viral Challenge and Clinical Relevance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Magnesium deficiency and long-term incident dementia among COVID-19 survivors: a propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Brain Microstructural Alterations in Children Post-COVID-19 Infection Through VBM, SBM, and Structural Covariance Network Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 can develop excessive inflammation in the brain and consequent neurological complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory, endothelial and brain injury markers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and compare those with or without neurological symptoms. A total of 30 intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients were allocated into COVID-19 (without neurological symptoms) or neuro-COVID-19 (with neurological symptoms) groups. Patients with respiratory infection symptoms but negative for COVID-19 were included as a control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected at hospital admission (T1) (controls and ICU patients) and during hospitalization (T2: last 72 h before hospital discharge or in-hospital death) (ICU COVID-19 patients) to analyze inflammatory markers. Higher ICAM-1, CCL26 and VEGF at T1 were identified in both COVID-19 groups compared with control. Neuro-COVID-19 patients presented lower systemic BDNF levels compared with the control group and increased S100B compared with the control and COVID-19 groups. BDNF levels in survivors were lower in the neuro-COVID-19 group compared to the COVID-19 group, while S100B were higher, regardless of the outcome. In addition, all COVID-19 patients presented increased ICAM-1 and CCL26 levels over the hospitalization period (T2 > T1). Furthermore, S100B, ICAM-1, CCL26 and VEGF levels increased in relation to T1 in neuro-COVID-19 patients, with S100B and CCL26 being significantly higher in relation to the COVID-19 group. In conclusion, high levels of brain injury biomarkers were found in patients with neuro-COVID-19, indicating neuroinflammatory and consequent brain injury in the last 72 h of hospitalization.
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39433647What Socratic holds
Registered trials
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