ArticlePublic health nutrition2024
The promotion of ultra-processed foods in modern retail food outlets in rural and urban areas in Kenya.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in sales of sugar-sweetened beverages and associated type 2 diabetes burden in nine African countries: an ecological time-series analysis.Global health action · 2025Article
- Marketing of ultra-processed foods on popular radio channels in Kenya.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Sex disparities in adult obesity prevalence across 47 African countries: A cross-sectional descriptive study.PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the availability and marketing of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in modern retail food outlets (supermarkets and minimarts) in Kenya and associated factors.
designThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Kenya from August 2021 to October 2021. Variables included the geographic location and the socio-economic status (SES) levels, the food items displayed for sale and advertised in the stores, and locations in the stores such as the entrance.
settingThree counties in Kenya (Nairobi - urban, Mombasa - coastal tourist and Baringo - rural). Each county was stratified into high and low SES using national poverty indices.
participantsFood outlets that offered a self-service, had at least one checkout and had a minimum of two stocked aisles were assessed.
resultsOf 115 outlets assessed, UPF occupied 33 % of the cumulative shelf space. UPF were the most advertised foods (60 %) and constituted 40 % of foods available for sale. The most commonly used promotional characters were cartoon characters (18 %). UPF were significantly more available for sale in Mombasa (urban) compared to Baringo (rural) (adjusted prevalence rate ratios (APRR): 1·13, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·26,
conclusionsThe high marketing and availability of UPF in modern retail outlets in Kenya calls for policies regulating unhealthy food advertisements in different settings in the country.
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