SynthesisJournal of patient-reported outcomes2024
Tests employed in the psychometric validation of the Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale (ITAS) in T2DM patients; a systematic review of the literature.
Synthesis in Journal of patient-reported outcomes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the ethical decision-making competence scale in mainland Chinese nursing students.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPsychological Insulin Resistance (PIR) and negative perceptions regarding insulin treatment are noteworthy challenges in T2DM management, which hinder the timely initiation of insulin treatment. To get past these obstacles a reliable tool is required to evaluate patients' perspectives on insulin administration. Our study aims to conduct a comprehensive systematic review to evaluate the validity and reliability of different validation tests used in the psychometric validation of the ITAS in T2DM patients.
methodsA literature search was carried out, using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Science Direct. Only those studies assessing content validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency reliability (Cronbach' α), and items-total correlation were retrieved.
resultsA total of 14 studies illustrated the validity and reliability of ITAS in T2DM patients. Content validity results of S-CVI was 0.97, and I-CVI was 0.8-1.00. Construct validity with factor loading was greater than the threshold value of 0.3. The concurrent validity of ITAS vs. PAID, WHO-5, and SPI was 0.35 (P < 0.05), -0.14 (P < 0.05), and 0.80 (P < 0.001) respectively. The mean difference between insulin and non-insulin group was significant (P < 0.001) showing reliable discriminant validity. Reported results of Cronbach's α for the main scale (0.79-0.89), subscale-1 (0.72-0.9), and subscale-2 (0.61-0.89) showed "good to excellent" internal consistency reliability of ITAS. Item-total correlation results for the main scale, subscale-1, and subscale-2 were (0.40-0.82), (0.31-0.74) and (0.34-0.58) respectively. Test-retest reliability of ITAS was 0.571-0.87.
conclusionsStudy findings confirm the robustness of various validation tests utilized in the psychometric validation of ITAS in T2DM patients. ITAS is a well-validated and reliable tool for determining the perspectives, PIR, and changes in patients' perception over time and it can be used to overcome hurdles in the timely initiation of insulin treatment in T2DM patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.