Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39453738›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of heart failure2025

Effect of correcting iron deficiency on the risk of serious infection in heart failure: Insights from the IRONMAN trial.

Paul W Foley, Paul R Kalra, John G F Cleland, Mark C Petrie, Philip A Kalra, Ian Squire, Philip Campbell, Callum Chapman, Patrick Donnelly, Fraser Graham and 13 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of heart failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02642562 phase4completednot on this map

Effectiveness of Intravenous Iron Treatment vs Standard Care in Patients With Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency: a Randomised, Open-label Multicentre Trial (IRONMAN)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of GlasgowRan2016 to 2022Enrolled1,160ConditionsChronic Heart Failure, Iron Deficiency, Left Ventricular Systolic DysfunctionArmsFerric Derisomaltose
NCT07523646 phase4recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Anemia Therapy in Patients With Infective Endocarditis (POET-IRON)

TypeinterventionalSponsorRigshospitalet, DenmarkRan2026 to 2028Enrolled74ConditionsInfective Endocarditis (IE), Severe AnemiaArmsAdjunctive anemia therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Paul W FoleyThe Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-832X
Paul R KalraDepartment of Cardiology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.
John G F ClelandSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Mark C PetrieSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Philip A KalraDepartment of Renal Medicine, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.
Ian SquireNIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
Philip CampbellRoyal Gwent Hospital, Newport, UK.
Callum ChapmanChelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
Patrick DonnellyUlster Hospital Southeastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK.
Fraser GrahamSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Andrew HannahAberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Ninian N LangQueen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
Iain MatthewsWansbeck General Hospital, Ashington, UK.
Stephen J LeslieCardiac Unit, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK.
Pierpaolo PellicoriSchool of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Sue PiperKings College Hospital, London, UK.
Robin RaySt Georges Hospital, London, UK.
Hernry O SavageMid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Basildon, UK.
Chales SpencerNew Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK.
John WalshNottingham University Hospital, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
Yuk-Ki WongSt Richard's Hospital, Chichester, UK.
Ian FordRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
on behalf of the IRONMAN Study Group

Funding

British Heart Foundation CS/15/1/31175
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsConcerns exist that intravenous (IV) iron might increase the risk of infections. The IRONMAN trial provided an opportunity to investigate whether giving IV ferric derisomaltose (FDI) to patients with heart failure and iron deficiency alters the rate of hospitalization or death due to infections. METHODS AND

resultsIRONMAN was a randomized trial of IV FDI versus usual care in patients with symptomatic heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45%, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20% or ferritin <100 μg/L. Infection was a pre-specified, blindly-adjudicated, safety endpoint. The primary analysis of interest was infection as the main reason for hospitalization or death, using first and recurrent events analyses. The composite primary event of interest tended to be lower in those randomized to FDI when analysed as first (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-1.01, p = 0.055) or recurrent event (rate ratio 0.85, 95% CI 0.64-1.13, p = 0.089). The composite results were driven by fewer hospitalizations for infection (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.49-0.98, p = 0.032), with 5% fewer patients (absolute reduction) experiencing such an event if assigned to FDI. Similar trends were observed for recurrent events (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.62-1.10). Further analyses suggested that the reduction in hospitalizations due to infection with FDI was restricted to patients with TSAT <20%.

conclusionsIn patients with heart failure and a reduced LVEF, correction of iron deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization or death from infection, and may reduce such events, especially when TSAT is <20%. CLINICAL

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02642562.

Indexed as

Anemia, Iron-DeficiencyFerric CompoundsHeart FailureInfectionsMaltoseAgedFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedStroke VolumeFerric CompoundsMaltoseHeart failureHospitalizationInfectionIron deficiencyMortality

Identifiers

PMID39453738
PMCPMC11798631

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.