ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2024
Intraretinal Microvascular Abnormalities in Eyes with Advanced Stages of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Comparison Between UWF-FFA, CFP, and OCTA-The RICHARD Study.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05112445 (Retinal Ischemia Characterization in Diabetes.), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Retinal Ischemia Characterization in Diabetes.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of Vascular Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Ultrawide-Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: The DRIVE Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- One-Year Progression of Capillary Nonperfusion in Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Using Noninvasive Imaging: The CHART Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Observational
- Understanding nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy progression using noninvasive imaging.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Association between retinal microvasculature and cerebral small vessel function in type 2 diabetes: An ultrahigh field MRI study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Microaneurysm Counting as a Biomarker for the Hyperperfusion Stage of Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- The novel antidiabetic medications on diabetic retinopathy: relevant molecular mechanisms, advancing diagnostic innovations, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis study aimed to evaluate intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA) in eyes with advanced nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using multimodal approach in co-located areas focusing on central retina (up to 50°) and to look at possible correlations between IRMA and other structural changes, like ischemia and presence of microaneurysms.
methodsThe RICHARD study (NCT05112445) included 60 eyes from 60 patients with type 2 diabetes with moderate-severe NPDR, diabetic retinopathy severity levels 43, 47, and 53 (DRSS). IRMA were defined as capillary tortuosity covering a minimum circular area of 300 µm (calculated to correspond to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study standard photo 8A) and were identified using multimodal imaging with distinct fields of view (FoV): color fundus photography (CFP) using a Topcon TRC-50DX camera (Topcon Medical Systems, Japan), Optos California ultra wide field fundus fluorescein angiography (UWF-FFA) (Optos plc, UK), and swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) (PLEX® Elite 9000, ZEISS, USA). Different areas of the retina were examined: central macula (up to 20°) and posterior pole (between 20° and 50°).
resultsMultimodal imaging was used to identify IRMA in co-located areas (FoV < 50°) including UWF-FFA, CFP, and SS-OCTA. In eyes with DRSS levels 47 and 53, IRMA were identified in both areas of the retina, while in eyes with DRSS level 43, IRMA were detected only outside of the central macula (FoV > 20°). Our results show that when evaluating the presence of IRMA (FoV < 50°), UWF-FFA detected 203 IRMA, SS-OCTA detected 133 IRMA, and CFP detected 104 IRMA. Our results also show that the presence of IRMA was positively associated with presence of microaneurysms.
conclusionsIdentification of IRMA in eyes with advanced NPDR is better achieved by UWF-FFA than CFP and SS-OCTA. A statistically significant correlation was found between the presence of IRMA and the increase in number of microaneurysms.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05112445.
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