ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2025
Dietary patterns among European children and their association with adiposity-related outcomes: a multi-country study.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessment of Dietary Intake of Schoolchildren Living in Urban Settings: A Case Study of Karaganda City.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Associations Between Aspects of Diet and Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors in Children Aged 4 Years.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Family Eating Habits and Dietary Quality of Spanish Children and Adolescents: The PASOS Study.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Trajectories of appetitive traits and dietary patterns from childhood to adolescence: findings from the Generation XXI birth cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- The development of the EUropean Physical Activity Determinants framework for Adolescents (EU-PAD-A): a mixed-methods concept mapping study within the DE-PASS COST action.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Article
- Peri- and Postnatal High Fat Feeding Have Differential Effects on Executive Function and Associated Neurobiology in Aged Male and Female Mice.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Diet Quality and Nutrient Adequacy Among Polish Children: Findings from the PITNUTS 2024 Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Validation of KIDMED 2.0 PL-Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Polish Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Special Issue "New Insights into Adipose Tissue Metabolic Function and Dysfunction, 3rd Edition".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Impact of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on Lipid Profiles in Pediatric Primary Dyslipidemia: Insights from the Updated KIDMED Score.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Hidden hunger in Europe: a review on determinants, fragmented policy responses, and implementation barriers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveChildren's diets in school-age are inherently unhealthy, with few meeting dietary recommendations. Yet, little is known about similarities and differences on dietary patterns across countries and their association with obesity. We aimed to derive dietary patterns in childhood and explore their association with adiposity-related outcomes in childhood and adolescence. SUBJCTS/
methodsThis study included data from six European countries (Spain, France, UK, Greece, Lithuania and Norway) during childhood (n = 1597) and adolescence (n = 803). Using a food frequency questionnaire, we derived data-driven dietary patterns through exploratory factor analyses and calculated the Mediterranean KIDMED index. We assessed body mass index z-score (zBMI), fat mass proportion and waist-to-height ratio at both visits. Associations were estimated using generalized linear regressions, adjusted for key-confounders.
results"Meat", "Dairy", "Western", "Healthy" and "Sweets and fats" dietary patterns were derived. Norwegian children showed better diet quality, with higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, and highest "Healthy pattern" adherence, and Lithuanian children, the worst, with higher sweets consumption, and highest "Western pattern" adherence. Children with lower intake of healthy foods (vegetables, fruits, fish) tended to have higher adiposity, e.g., children with average or low "Healthy pattern" adherence (vs. high) had higher fat mass proportion in childhood (average: β (95% CI) 1.44 (0.48; 2.39), low: 1.10 (0.09; 2.12)). Low adherence to a "Healthy pattern" (vs. high) was associated with increased adolescent zBMI, and child and adolescent waist-to-height ratio. Low "Dairy pattern" adherence (vs. high), was associated with lower zBMI and fat mass in childhood, but not in adolescence. No significant associations were seen with the KIDMED index.
conclusionsMany European children have poor diets and a low adherence to a healthy diet pattern may be of concern for adiposity-related outcomes. Assessment of children's dietary patterns can help tailor dietary advice and provide support for families aiming to prevent future excess weight gain.
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