ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
Dengue virus transmission during non-outbreak period in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: a cross-sectional survey.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of Modified Ovillanta, Modified GravidInsects · 2026Article
- Genomic Evidence for Novel Introduction and Intra-Host Diversity of DENV-2 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Viruses · 2026Article
- High-resolution automated mapping of potential Aedes larval container habitats using drone imagery and supervised machine learning in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the acceptability of ESIDA app, a smartphone-based clinical decision support application to improve infectious disease outbreak detection in Tanzania: clinician perspectives.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Longitudinal surveillance of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in urban coastal Kenya: population dynamics, blood feeding frequency and dengue virus infection rates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Integrated rapid risk assessment for dengue fever in settings with limited diagnostic capacity and uncertain exposure: Development of a methodological framework for Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTanzania has experienced multiple dengue outbreaks between 2010 and 2019, caused by various dengue virus (DENV) strains. In 2019, there were 6917 confirmed dengue cases and 13 deaths in Tanzania. Routine diagnosis of dengue fever is unfortunately excluded, particularly during non-outbreak periods, resulting in delayed outbreak detection and control. The aim of this study was to improve early detection and control measures for DENV by investigating its circulation in human and Aedes aegypti (A.aegypti) mosquitoes during the non-outbreak periods in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, which is an area frequently affected by dengue outbreaks.
methodsFour hundred and fifteen (415) blood samples were collected from patients attending randomly selected health facilities in five wards; Azimio, Keko, Mtoni, Mbagala and Chamazi within Temeke district. The samples were tested for DENV NS1 antigen and anti-dengue IgM and IgG antibodies by rapid test. Then, 150 out of 415 blood samples were tested for the DENV by conventional Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Two thousand two hundred and fifty (2,250) adult female A.aegypti mosquitoes were collected using a Prokopack aspirator and BG sentinel trap or obtained after rearing immature stages and tested, in pools of 15 for DENV by RT-PCR. Statistical Software, SPSS version 23, was used for data analysis.
resultsOf the tested blood samples, 17% (71/415) were positive by NS1 antigen, 0.5% (2/415) by IgM, 0.5% (2/415) by IgG antibodies, and 0.5% (2/415) by IgM and IgG. None of the samples tested positive by DENV RT-PCR. Moreover, 3.3% (5/150) of tested mosquito pools had DENV by RT-PCR. Individuals aged between 21 and 40 years of age had increased risk of testing positive for DENV NS1 antigen, followed by those aged 5-20 years old, particularly those residing from Azimio ward, Keko ward, Mtoni ward and Mbagala ward, p-value ≤ 0.05.
conclusionFindings from this study revealed evidence of DENV circulation during non-outbreak periods in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. These findings underscore the importance of including testing for dengue infection in routine differential diagnoses of febrile cases, and also frequent dengue surveillance in mosquitos. This proactive approach will help early DENV outbreak detection and control in the country.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.