ArticleESC heart failure2025
Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis: A large single-centre analysis.
Article in ESC heart failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cardiotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Workup and management of rhythm disorders in myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Failure Association of the ESC, the ESC Working Group on Myocardial & Pericardial Diseases, the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society, the Asian Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Acute Myocarditis: From Pathophysiology to Risk-Stratified Management-A Clinical Review.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Relationship between hemodynamic forces based on CMR and major adverse cardiac events in cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy-related cardiovascular toxicity: from mechanisms to management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- A review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and biomarkers.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- The Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Events on the Survival of Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Distinct Role of Cardiac Toxicities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cancer-Related Immune Therapies: Bidirectional Implications From Cardiotoxicity to Emerging Cardiovascular Therapeutics: JACC CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review.JACC. CardioOncology · 2025Review
- Predictors of Long-Term Survival in Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Myocarditis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Multimodal Imaging of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myocarditis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis: A large single-centre analysis.ESC heart failure · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are the cornerstone of modern oncology; however, side effects such as ICI-related myocarditis (irM) can be fatal. Recently, Bonaca proposed criteria for irM; however, it is unknown if they correlate well with cardiovascular (CV) ICI-related adverse events. Additionally, whether incident irM portends worse long-term CV outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to determine the incidence of long-term CV comorbidities and CV mortality among irM patients. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe ICI-related adverse event (irAE) registry was queried to identify irM patients by using Bonaca criteria. Random controls were selected after excluding patients with other concomitant irAEs. Patients' demographics, comorbidities and myocarditis presenting features were gathered. Outcomes included 2-year freedom from CV comorbidities (composite of atrial fibrillation, stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure) and freedom from CV death. IrM was treated as a time-varying covariate.
resultsSeventy-six patients developed irM at a median of 167 days (mean age 69, 63.2% male, 47% lung cancer). Majority of patients had new wall motion abnormalities or EKG changes on presentation. Mean LVEF was 43%, median peak TnT was 0.81, and median NTproBNP was 2057 at irM onset. Two-year freedom from CV comorbidities (67% vs 86.8%, P < 0.001) and death (93.4% vs 99.3%, P = 0.003) was lower among irM patients. Incident irM was an independent predictor of CV death (HR 8.28, P = 0.048), but not CV comorbidities (HR 2.21, P = 0.080).
conclusionsThis is the largest case-control study on irM highlighting worse long-term CV outcomes. Future studies are needed to establish appropriate therapeutic strategies and efficient screening strategies for irM survivors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.