Evidence mapPaperPMID 39497536Full record

ArticlePediatrics2024

Trends in Toddler Diet Quality in the United States: 1999 to 2018.

Meghan Zimmer, Matthew Lee, Jiada James Zhan, Erica L Kenney, Cindy W Leung

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Meghan ZimmerDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Matthew LeeDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jiada James ZhanRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Erica L KenneyDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Cindy W LeungDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

TRAINING GRANT IN ACADEMIC NUTRITIONT32DK007703 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · 1994 to 2025
$2.1M
NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007703
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesDiet quality has improved over time for US adults and youth aged ≥2 years. Trends over time and disparities in the diet quality of toddlers 12 through 23 months old have not been documented. Our objective was to investigate the direction and magnitude of toddler diet quality trends from 1999 to 2018 overall and by household socioeconomic status.

methodsThis serial cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data was performed with 2541 toddlers from 10 NHANES cycles from 1999 to 2018. Dietary intake was measured by NHANES study staff using proxy-reported 24-hour recalls. Healthy Eating Index-Toddlers-2020 total scores (0-100 points, higher scores indicate healthier diets) and component scores were calculated from the 24-hour dietary recalls using the population ratio method. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association between time in years (measured as the midpoint of each NHANES cycle) and diet quality.

resultsToddler diet quality improved significantly from 1999 to 2018 (P < .001), from 63.7 points on average in 1999-2000 to 67.7 points in 2017-2018. A significant positive linear trend in total diet quality was observed for all socioeconomic status groups (P < .05). Several dietary component scores improved, as follows: Whole Fruits (P < .001), Whole Grains (P = .016), Fatty Acids (P = .002), Refined Grains (P = .009), and Added Sugars (P < .001). Scores did not significantly change for Total Fruit, Total Vegetables, Greens and Beans, Dairy, Total Protein Foods, Seafood and Plant Proteins, Sodium, or Saturated Fats.

conclusionsFrom 1999 to 2018, toddler diet quality improved significantly, but mean scores still fell short of dietary guidance.

Indexed as

DietNutrition SurveysCross-Sectional StudiesDiet, HealthyFemaleHumansInfantMaleUnited States

Identifiers

PMID39497536
PMCPMC11614158

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.